python 如何创建线图动画[复制]

rryofs0p  于 2023-05-05  发布在  Python
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13小时前关闭
我有一个pandas DataFrame,它看起来:

d = {'time': [1, 3, 5,7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19],
     'method1':[0.864231038, 0.874805716, 0.890315836, 0.906831719, 0.91634293, 0.928120905, 0.938231839, 0.947280697,
              0.951635588, 0.951468784],
    'method2':[0.867868393, 0.878908199, 0.893329853, 0.911470465, 0.924099528, 0.934628044, 0.945209861, 0.951776017,
               0.954180089, 0.95553498]} 

df = pd.DataFrame(data=d)
df

输出:

time    method1 method2
0   1   0.864231    0.867868
1   3   0.874806    0.878908
2   5   0.890316    0.893330
3   7   0.906832    0.911470
4   9   0.916343    0.924100
5   11  0.928121    0.934628
6   13  0.938232    0.945210
7   15  0.947281    0.951776
8   17  0.951636    0.954180
9   19  0.951469    0.955535

我为方法1和方法2绘制了这个 Dataframe ,其中的值列如下

x_labels = df['time']
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.set_xlabel('Time', fontsize=14)
ax.set_ylabel('value', fontsize=14)

sns.lineplot(x=x_labels, y=df['method1'], ax=ax, label='method1')
sns.lineplot(x=x_labels, y=df['method2'], ax=ax, label='method2')
plt.xlim(xmin=0)
ax.set_xlim([1, 19])

输出:

然而,我想通过使用GIFS来可视化数据,这就是我的预期输出的样子:

uqcuzwp8

uqcuzwp81#

您可以使用matplotlib.animation API。

import matplotlib.animation as animation

下面是一个例子:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig, ax = plt.subplots()

def animate(i):
    ax.clear()
    x_labels = df['time'][:i+1]
    ax.set_xlim([1, 19])
    ax.set_xlabel('Time', fontsize=14)
    ax.set_ylabel('value', fontsize=14)
    sns.lineplot(x=x_labels, y=df['method1'][:i+1], ax=ax, label='method1')
    sns.lineplot(x=x_labels, y=df['method2'][:i+1], ax=ax, label='method2')

anim = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, frames=len(df), interval=500)
anim.save('test.gif')

标准实现是以长格式而不是宽格式传递 Dataframe ,这允许使用hue参数,并且只有一个plot调用。然而,这导致连续而不是同时绘制线。

# convert the dataframe to a long form
df = df.melt(id_vars='time')

fig, ax = plt.subplots()

def animate(i):
    ax.clear()
    data = df.iloc[:i+1, :]  # select rows to i+1 with each frame
    sns.lineplot(data=data, x='time', y='value', ax=ax, hue='variable')
    ax.set_xlabel('Time', fontsize=14)
    ax.set_ylabel('value', fontsize=14)
    ax.set_xlim([1, 19])

anim = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, frames=len(df), interval=500)
anim.save('test.gif')

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