任务:将多元回归(z = f(x,y))的结果绘制为3D图形上的二维平面(例如,我可以使用OSX的图形实用程序,或者在这里使用R实现Plot Regression Surface)。
经过一个星期的搜索Stackoverflow和阅读各种文档matplotlib,seaborn和mayavi我终于找到了最简单的方法来绘制3d表面给定的3d点,这听起来很有希望。下面是我的数据和代码:
首先尝试matplotlib:
shape: (80, 3)
type: <type 'numpy.ndarray'>
zmul:
[[ 0.00000000e+00 0.00000000e+00 5.52720000e+00]
[ 5.00000000e+02 5.00000000e-01 5.59220000e+00]
[ 1.00000000e+03 1.00000000e+00 5.65720000e+00]
[ 1.50000000e+03 1.50000000e+00 5.72220000e+00]
[ 2.00000000e+03 2.00000000e+00 5.78720000e+00]
[ 2.50000000e+03 2.50000000e+00 5.85220000e+00]
……]
import matplotlib
from matplotlib.ticker import MaxNLocator
from matplotlib import cm
from numpy.random import randn
from scipy import array, newaxis
Xs = zmul[:,0]
Ys = zmul[:,1]
Zs = zmul[:,2]
surf = ax.plot_trisurf(Xs, Ys, Zs, cmap=cm.jet, linewidth=0)
fig.colorbar(surf)
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(MaxNLocator(5))
ax.yaxis.set_major_locator(MaxNLocator(6))
ax.zaxis.set_major_locator(MaxNLocator(5))
fig.tight_layout()
plt.show()
我得到的只是一个空的3D坐标框架,并显示以下错误消息:
RuntimeError:qhull Delaunay三角剖分计算出错:singular input data(exitcode=2);使用python verbose选项(-v)查看原始的qhull错误。
我试着看看我是否可以玩绘图参数,并检查了这个网站http://www.qhull.org/html/qh-impre.htm#delaunay,但我真的不知道我应该做什么。
第二次尝试与mayavi:
相同的数据,分为3个numpy数组:
type: <type 'numpy.ndarray'>
X: [ 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 ….]
type: <type 'numpy.ndarray'>
Y: [ 0. 0.5 1. 1.5 2. 2.5 3. ….]
type: <type 'numpy.ndarray'>
Z: [ 5.5272 5.5922 5.6572 5.7222 5.7872 5.8522 5.9172 ….]
代码:
from mayavi import mlab
def multiple3_triple(tpl_lst):
X = xs
Y = ys
Z = zs
# Define the points in 3D space
# including color code based on Z coordinate.
pts = mlab.points3d(X, Y, Z, Z)
# Triangulate based on X, Y with Delaunay 2D algorithm.
# Save resulting triangulation.
mesh = mlab.pipeline.delaunay2d(pts)
# Remove the point representation from the plot
pts.remove()
# Draw a surface based on the triangulation
surf = mlab.pipeline.surface(mesh)
# Simple plot.
mlab.xlabel("x")
mlab.ylabel("y")
mlab.zlabel("z")
mlab.show()
我得到的只有这个:
如果这很重要的话,我在OSX10.9.3上使用的是64位版本的Enthought的Canopy
会很感激任何关于我做错了什么的意见。
编辑:张贴最终的代码,工作,如果它帮助别人。
'''After the usual imports'''
def multiple3(tpl_lst):
mul = []
for tpl in tpl_lst:
calc = (.0001*tpl[0]) + (.017*tpl[1])+ 6.166
mul.append(calc)
return mul
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
'''some skipped code for the scatterplot'''
X = np.arange(0, 40000, 500)
Y = np.arange(0, 40, .5)
X, Y = np.meshgrid(X, Y)
Z = multiple3(zip(X,Y))
surf = ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, rstride=1, cstride=1,cmap=cm.autumn,
linewidth=0, antialiased=False, alpha =.1)
ax.set_zlim(1.01, 11.01)
ax.set_xlabel(' x = IPP')
ax.set_ylabel('y = UNRP20')
ax.set_zlabel('z = DI')
ax.zaxis.set_major_locator(LinearLocator(10))
ax.zaxis.set_major_formatter(FormatStrFormatter('%.02f'))
fig.colorbar(surf, shrink=0.5, aspect=5)
plt.show()
1条答案
按热度按时间vktxenjb1#
对于matplotlib,你可以基于surface example(你错过了plt.meshgrid):