如果您知道可能出现在TEST_TYPE列中的值-您可以使用PIVOT语句：

WITH      -- Sample Data
    tbl AS 
        (   Select  '0001' "TEST_ID",   '0001' "USER_ID",   'TestA01' "TEST_TYPE",  '+' "A_RESULT", To_Date('03-AUG-17', 'dd-MON-yy') "TEST_DATE" From Dual Union All
            Select  '0001', '0001', 'TestA01',  '+', To_Date('11-MAR-23', 'dd-MON-yy') From Dual Union All
            Select  '0002', '0001', 'TestA02',  '-', To_Date('11-MAR-23', 'dd-MON-yy') From Dual Union All
            Select  '0003', '0001', 'TestB08',  '-', To_Date('11-MAR-23', 'dd-MON-yy') From Dual Union All
            Select  '0004', '0001', 'TestB17',  '+', To_Date('11-MAR-23', 'dd-MON-yy') From Dual Union All
            Select  '0005', '0002', 'TestA01',  '+', To_Date('11-MAR-23', 'dd-MON-yy') From Dual Union All
            Select  '0006', '0002', 'TestB08',  '+', To_Date('11-MAR-23', 'dd-MON-yy') From Dual Union All
            Select  '0007', '0003', 'TestA02',  '-', To_Date('11-MAR-23', 'dd-MON-yy') From Dual 
        )
--  M a i n   S Q L :
Select USER_ID "ANIMAL_ID", Nvl(Max(A01), 'U') "A01", Nvl(Max(A02), 'U') "A02", Nvl(Max(B08), 'U') "B08", Nvl(Max(B17), 'U') "B17"
From (  Select * 
        From tbl
     )  PIVOT( Max(A_RESULT) FOR TEST_TYPE IN('TestA01' as A01, 'TestA02' as A02, 'TestB08' as B08, 'TestB17' as B17)  )
Group By USER_ID
Order By USER_ID
--  
--  R e s u l t :
--  AnimalID  A01  A02  B08  B17
--  --------  ---  ---  ---  ---
--  0001      +    -    -    +
--  0002      +    U    U    +
--  0003      U    -    U    U

如果你只想要最新的测试日期，那么结果数据集会有点不同：

Select USER_ID "ANIMAL_ID", Nvl(Max(A01), 'U') "A01", Nvl(Max(A02), 'U') "A02", Nvl(Max(B08), 'U') "B08", Nvl(Max(B17), 'U') "B17"
From (  Select * 
        From tbl
        Where TEST_DATE = (Select Max(TEST_DATE) From tbl)
     )  PIVOT( Max(A_RESULT) FOR TEST_TYPE IN('TestA01' as A01, 'TestA02' as A02, 'TestB08' as B08, 'TestB17' as B17)  )
Group By USER_ID
Order By USER_ID
--  
--  R e s u l t :
--  AnimalID  A01  A02  B08  B17
--  --------  ---  ---  ---  ---
--  0001      +    -    -    +
--  0002      +    U    +    U
--  0003      U    -    U    U