使用PyCharm IDE，我们有一个单元测试，导入Django项目的models模块进行测试。虽然期望顺利通过，但测试总是会遇到错误：django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting INSTALLED_APPS, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings. Configure() before accessing settings.。
我们对Python单元测试的这一部分是新手，所以我们非常感谢任何提示或建议。
单元测试：
from applicationapp import models
...
class TestElastic(TestCase):
def test_parse_request(self):
# expecting happy pass
#
# self. Fail()
return完整错误跟踪：
/data/app-py3/venv3.7/bin/python /var/lib/snapd/snap/pycharm-professional/327/plugins/python/helpers/pycharm/_jb_unittest_runner.py --target test_elastic.TestElastic
Testing started at 2:07 PM ...
Launching unittests with arguments python -m unittest test_elastic.TestElastic in /data/app-py3/APPLICATION/tests
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/var/lib/snapd/snap/pycharm-professional/327/plugins/python/helpers/pycharm/_jb_unittest_runner.py", line 35, in <module>
sys.exit(main(argv=args, module=None, testRunner=unittestpy.TeamcityTestRunner, buffer=not JB_DISABLE_BUFFERING))
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/unittest/main.py", line 100, in __init__
self.parseArgs(argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/unittest/main.py", line 147, in parseArgs
self.createTests()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/unittest/main.py", line 159, in createTests
self.module)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/unittest/loader.py", line 220, in loadTestsFromNames
suites = [self.loadTestsFromName(name, module) for name in names]
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/unittest/loader.py", line 220, in <listcomp>
suites = [self.loadTestsFromName(name, module) for name in names]
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/unittest/loader.py", line 154, in loadTestsFromName
module = __import__(module_name)
File "/data/app-py3/APPLICATION/tests/test_elastic.py", line 6, in <module>
from applicationapp.soap.elastic import Elastic
File "/data/app-py3/APPLICATION/applicationapp/soap/elastic.py", line 7, in <module>
from applicationapp import models
File "/data/app-py3/APPLICATION/applicationapp/models.py", line 3, in <module>
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
File "/data/app-py3/venv3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 2, in <module>
from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager
File "/data/app-py3/venv3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/base_user.py", line 48, in <module>
class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
File "/data/app-py3/venv3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 108, in __new__
app_config = apps.get_containing_app_config(module)
File "/data/app-py3/venv3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 253, in get_containing_app_config
self.check_apps_ready()
File "/data/app-py3/venv3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 135, in check_apps_ready
settings.INSTALLED_APPS
File "/data/app-py3/venv3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 83, in __getattr__
self._setup(name)
File "/data/app-py3/venv3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 68, in _setup
% (desc, ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE))
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting INSTALLED_APPS, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings.
Process finished with exit code 1
Empty suite
2条答案
按热度按时间tp5buhyn1#
CD添加到项目目录中并使用python manage.py test请参阅此处的文档：
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/topics/testing/overview/#running-tests
或者，您可以将DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE设置为环境变量。这一步实际上取决于你所处的环境，但是为了让它工作并让你走上正确的道路，你可能想在终端中做这样的事情：
export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=dot.path.to.settings.file请注意，点路径是相对于项目的，所以如果你的主应用程序名为“polls”，那么你的点变量可能是
polls.settings我仔细阅读了你的回溯，我可能是错的，所以请纠正我，但我相信点路径将是
applicationapp.settingsuyhoqukh2#
根据this post的提示，我们通过在文件开头显式调用
django.setup()解决了这个问题。请参阅下面的示例源代码。