你可以写一个这样的函数，例如：

create or replace function is_valid(p_val in varchar2)
return number
is
  not_a_valid_day   exception;
  not_a_valid_month exception;
  pragma exception_init(not_a_valid_day, -1847);
  pragma exception_init(not_a_valid_month, -1843);
  l_date date;
begin
  l_date := to_date(p_val, 'ddmm');
  return 1;
exception
  when not_a_valid_day or not_a_valid_month
  then return 0;
end;


SQL> with test_dates(dt) as(
  2    select '0208' from dual union all
  3    select '3209' from dual union all
  4    select '0113' from dual
  5  )
  6  select dt, is_valid(dt) as valid
  7    from test_dates
  8  /

DT        VALID
---- ----------
0208          1
3209          0
0113          0

--如果你有oracle 12 c

with test_dates(dt) as(
select '0208' from dual union all
select '3209' from dual union all
select '0113' from dual)

select dt, validate_conversion(dt as date, 'DDMM') as valid from test_dates

DT        VALID
---- ----------
0208          1
3209          0
0113          0

如果to_date的输入参数不是有效的日期，则会引发异常。所以你可以这样做：

declare
  x date;
begin
  x := to_date('3210', 'DDMM'); -- Will raise ORA-1847
  x := to_date('0113', 'DDMM'); -- Will raise ORA-1843
exception
  when others then 
    if sqlcode in (-1843, -1847) then
      dbms_output.put_line('Invalid Date!');
      null;
    else
      raise;
    end if;
end;