根据我的实验建议，下面的方法会起作用

DELETE FROM mytable
WHERE (year > 2021 AND year < 2023)
   OR (year = 2021 AND week >= 51)
   OR (year = 2023 AND week <= 1);

这可以通过组合年和周来完成，将它们转换为整数，然后应用一个标准，其中：

DELETE FROM mytable
WHERE (year, week) IN
(
  select year, week
  from (
    select *, concat(year, to_char(week, 'fm00'))::int as yearWeek
    from mytable
  ) as s
  where yearWeek between concat(2021, to_char(51, 'fm00'))::int 
                       and
                       concat(2023, to_char(1, 'fm00'))::int
)

Demo here