看起来中间件文档已经更新了，以解决类似的问题。
nextjs middleware docs

export const config = {
  matcher: [
    /*
     * Match all request paths except for the ones starting with:
     * - api (API routes)
     * - static (static files)
     * - favicon.ico (favicon file)
     */
    '/((?!api|static|favicon.ico).*)',
  ],
}

matcher不能这样做，因为它只接受简单的路径模式，所以你需要使用条件语句：

export function middleware(request: NextRequest) {
 if (request.nextUrl.pathname.startsWith('/api/')) {
   return NextResponse.next()
 }

 // your middleware logic
}

也许会有帮助

const matcherRegex = new RegExp('^(?!/(?:_next/static|favicon\\.ico|swc\\.js|api)(?:/|$))');

export function middleware(request: NextRequest){
  const isMiddlewareAllowed = matcherRegex.test(pathname)

  if (isMiddlewareAllowed) {
  //...
  }else return
}