apache mod_wsgi：ModuleNotFoundError：没有名为“app”的模块

我正在尝试部署一个非常简单的Flask应用程序，该应用程序出现在本教程中，用于测试flask应用程序中的登录功能：https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-add-authentication-to-your-app-with-flask-login.我只改变了几件事，但大部分是一样的。应用程序的结构是这样的：

当我在本地和外部通过flask服务器运行它时，它工作得很好，但当我试图通过Apache提供它时，它失败了，并显示“内部服务器错误”消息和Apache的error.log中的以下错误：

> [Tue May 09 19:48:18.108969 2023] [wsgi:error] [pid 31601] [client 185.216.73.35:9480] mod_wsgi (pid=31601): Failed to exec Python script file '/var/www/bdl/portal/app.wsgi'.
[Tue May 09 19:48:18.109123 2023] [wsgi:error] [pid 31601] [client 185.216.73.35:9480] mod_wsgi (pid=31601): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/var/www/bdl/portal/app.wsgi'.
[Tue May 09 19:48:18.116248 2023] [wsgi:error] [pid 31601] [client 185.216.73.35:9480] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Tue May 09 19:48:18.116298 2023] [wsgi:error] [pid 31601] [client 185.216.73.35:9480]   File "/var/www/bdl/portal/app.wsgi", line 4, in <module>
[Tue May 09 19:48:18.116305 2023] [wsgi:error] [pid 31601] [client 185.216.73.35:9480]     from app import main as application
[Tue May 09 19:48:18.116322 2023] [wsgi:error] [pid 31601] [client 185.216.73.35:9480] ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'app'

下面是app.wsgi文件中的内容：

import sys
sys.path.insert(0, "/var/www/bdl/portal")
from app import main as application

这是__init__.py：

activate_this_file = "/var/www/bdl/auth/bin/activate_this.py"
with open(activate_this_file) as _file:
    exec(_file.read(), dict(__file__=activate_this_file))
    from flask import Flask
    from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
    from flask_login import LoginManager
    # init SQLAlchemy so we can use it later in our models
    db = SQLAlchemy()
    def create_app():
        app = Flask(__name__)
        app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx'
        app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///db.sqlite'
        db.init_app(app)
        login_manager = LoginManager()
        login_manager.login_view = 'auth.login'
        login_manager.init_app(app)
        from .models import User
        @login_manager.user_loader
        def load_user(user_id):
            # since the user_id is just the primary key of our user table, use it in the query for the user
            return User.query.get(int(user_id))
        # blueprint for auth routes in our app
        from .auth import auth as auth_blueprint
        app.register_blueprint(auth_blueprint)
        # blueprint for non-auth parts of app
        from .main import main as main_blueprint
        app.register_blueprint(main_blueprint)
        from . import models
        with app.app_context():
            db.create_all()
        return app

下面是main.py文件：

from flask import Blueprint, render_template
from flask_login import login_required, current_user
from . import db
main = Blueprint('main', __name__)
@main.route('/')
def index():
    return render_template('index.html')
@main.route('/profile')
@login_required
def profile():
    return render_template('profile.html', name=current_user.name)

下面是Apache .conf文件：

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName balldatalab.com
    ServerAlias www.balldatalab.com
    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    DocumentRoot /var/www/bdl/portal
                RewriteEngine on
                RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on
                RewriteRule ^/?(.*) https://%{SERVER_NAME}/$1 [R=301,L]
    WSGIScriptAlias / /var/www/bdl/portal/app.wsgi
    <Directory /var/www/bdl/portal>
      Order allow,deny
      Allow from all
    </Directory>
   ErrorLog /var/www/bdl/portal/logs/error.log    CustomLog /var/www/bdl/portal/logs/access.log combined </VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:443>
    ServerName balldatalab.com
    ServerAlias www.balldatalab.com
    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    DocumentRoot /var/www/bdl/portal
                SSLEngine on
                SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/bdl9.cer
                SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/bdl9.key
                SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/certs/bdl9-inter.cer
    WSGIScriptAlias / /var/www/bdl/portal/app.wsgi
    <Directory /var/www/bdl/portal>
      Order allow,deny
      Allow from all
    </Directory>
   ErrorLog /var/www/bdl/portal/logs/error.log    CustomLog /var/www/bdl/portal/logs/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

我真的不知道这是怎么回事，你能帮我吗？先谢谢你了!

它抱怨是因为--正如错误所言--在portal目录中没有名为app的Python模块。app.wsgi不是Python模块。您需要有一个app.py文件或一个包含__init__.py文件的/app/目录。因此，解决此问题的最快方法是将/portal/__init__.py重命名为app.py。
然而，除此之外：
1.你的__init__.py文件实际上并没有创建一个名为main的Flask应用对象（这是你试图在app.wsgi文件中导入的对象）。它有一个create_app()函数，返回一个Flask应用对象，但没有代码实际调用该函数并将其分配给名为main的变量。
1.您的create_app()函数还引用了一个auth模块，我在您的文件/目录列表中没有看到该模块;我建议你注解掉这些代码，直到你运行了一个“hello world”应用程序。
我建议您尝试将__init__.py（您应该将其重命名为app.py）更改为以下内容：

app.py

from flask import Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from flask_login import LoginManager
# init SQLAlchemy so we can use it later in our models
db = SQLAlchemy()
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx'
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///db.sqlite'
db.init_app(app)
login_manager = LoginManager()
login_manager.login_view = 'auth.login'
login_manager.init_app(app)
from .models import User
@login_manager.user_loader
def load_user(user_id):
    # since the user_id is just the primary key of our user table, use it in the query for the user
    return User.query.get(int(user_id))
# From Nathan: Comment this stuff out if you don't have an auth module set up yet.
# blueprint for auth routes in our app
# from .auth import auth as auth_blueprint
# app.register_blueprint(auth_blueprint)
# blueprint for non-auth parts of app
from .main import main as main_blueprint
app.register_blueprint(main_blueprint)
from . import models
with app.app_context():
    db.create_all()

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apache mod_wsgi：ModuleNotFoundError：没有名为“app”的模块

1条答案

app.py

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