UNPIVOT列，然后PIVOT值：

SELECT *
FROM   table_name
UNPIVOT (
  value
  FOR columns IN (value1, value2, value3, value4, value5, value6, value7, value8)
)
PIVOT (
  COUNT(*)
  FOR value IN (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
)

字符串
其中，对于样本数据：

CREATE TABLE table_name (customer, value1, value2, value3, value4, value5, value6, value7, value8) AS
SELECT 100, 1, 2, 5, 3, 2, 1, 2, 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 100, 1, 3, 4, 3, 2, 5, 2, 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 101, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 101, 3, 2, 1, 2, 1, 3, 5, 2 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 101, 2, 2, 5, 4, 2, 3, 4, 3 FROM DUAL;

型
输出：
| 立柱|一个|二个|三个|四个|五个| 5 |
| --|--|--|--|--|--| ------------ |
| 价值1|二个|0个|0个|0个|0个| 0 |
| 价值2| 0个|一个|一个|0个|0个| 0 |
| 价值3| 0个|0个|0个|一个|一个| 1 |
| 价值4| 0个|0个|二个|0个|0个| 0 |
| 价值5| 0个|二个|0个|0个|0个| 0 |
| 价值6|一个|0个|0个|0个|一个| 1 |
| 价值观7| 0个|二个|0个|0个|0个| 0 |
| 价值8|二个|0个|0个|0个|0个| 0 |
| 价值1| 0个|一个|二个|0个|0个| 0 |
| 价值2| 0个|三个|0个|0个|0个| 0 |
| 价值3|一个|一个|0个|0个|一个| 1 |
| 价值4| 0个|二个|0个|一个|0个| 0 |
| 价值5|一个|二个|0个|0个|0个| 0 |
| 价值6|一个|0个|二个|0个|0个| 0 |
| 价值观7| 0个|一个|0个|一个|一个| 1 |
| 价值8|一个|一个|一个|0个|0个| 0 |
fiddle