你不需要正则表达式;虽然它是更多的类型，你可能会发现，简单的字符串函数比正则表达式更快：

WITH line_bounds (objectid, data, spos, epos) AS (
  SELECT objectid,
         data,
         1,
         INSTR(data, CHR(10), 1)
  FROM   test_table
UNION ALL
  SELECT objectid,
         data,
         epos + 1,
         INSTR(data, CHR(10), epos + 1)
  FROM   line_bounds
  WHERE  epos > 0
)
SEARCH DEPTH FIRST BY objectid SET orderid,
lines (objectid, line) AS (
  SELECT objectid,
         CASE epos
         WHEN 0
         THEN SUBSTR(data, spos)
         ELSE SUBSTR(data, spos, epos -spos)
         END
  FROM   line_bounds
),
match_bounds (objectid, line, res_spos, res_epos, next_epos) AS (
  SELECT objectid,
         line,
         INSTR(line, '|RES_GetResData_Public_ScreenPrint'),
         INSTR(line, '|', INSTR(line, '|RES_GetResData_Public_ScreenPrint') + 1, 1),
         INSTR(line, '|', INSTR(line, '|RES_GetResData_Public_ScreenPrint') + 1, 2)
  FROM   lines
)
SELECT objectid,
       SUBSTR(line, res_spos + 1, res_epos - res_spos - 1) AS column1,
       SUBSTR(line, res_epos + 1, next_epos - res_epos - 1) AS column2
FROM   match_bounds
WHERE  res_spos > 0;

其中，对于样本数据：

CREATE TABLE test_table (objectid, data) AS
SELECT 12345,
       EMPTY_CLOB() || '|-1080|0833|RES_GetResData_Public_ScreenPrint010|F28028079|0820|3.3 02/17/14080|080|080|031|
|00879|[0-0]?[3.3 02/17/14-3.3 02/17/14]?[0833]|RES_GetResData_Public_ScreenPrint011|F28028081|080|080|080|080|032|-1080|032|-1032|-1080|032|-1080|032|
|-1080|0833|RES_GetResData_Public_ScreenPrint013|F28028007|0820|'
FROM   DUAL;

输出：
| objectID| COLUMN1| COLUMN2|
| --|--|--|
| 12345 |RES_GetResData_Public_ScreenPrint010| F28028079|
| 12345 |RES_GetResData_Public_ScreenPrint011| F28028081|
| 12345 |RES_GetResData_Public_ScreenPrint013| F28028007|
如果你确实想使用正则表达式（请在你的数据上比较两种解决方案的性能），那么你可以匹配整个模式并提取捕获组的值：

select objectid, 
       REGEXP_SUBSTR(
         DATA,
         '\|(RES_GetResData_Public_ScreenPrint.*?)\|(.*?)\|',
         1,
         column_value,
         NULL,
         1
       ) AS column1, 
       REGEXP_SUBSTR(
         DATA,
         '\|(RES_GetResData_Public_ScreenPrint.*?)\|(.*?)\|',
         1,
         column_value,
         NULL,
         2
       ) AS column2
from   test_table
       cross join table(
         cast(
           multiset(
             select level 
             from   dual
             connect by level <= regexp_count(DATA, '\|(RES_GetResData_Public_ScreenPrint.*?)\|(.*?)\|')
           ) as sys.odcinumberlist
         )
       )

它具有相同的输出。
fiddle