要完成您想要的任务，一个选择是使用一个局部变量，它计算游标返回的行数。如果没有行，则执行插入。
样本数据：

SQL> select * From dept order by deptno;

    DEPTNO DNAME          LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
        10 ACCOUNTING     NEW YORK
        20 RESEARCH       DALLAS
        30 SALES          CHICAGO
        40 OPERATIONS     BOSTON

过程;显然，没有deptno = 99，因此游标不会返回任何内容。

SQL> declare
  2    cursor c1 is select deptno, dname, loc
  3      from dept
  4      where deptno = 99;
  5    c1r c1%rowtype;
  6    l_cnt number := 0;
  7  begin
  8    open c1;
  9    loop
 10      fetch c1 into c1r;
 11      exit when c1%notfound;
 12      l_cnt := l_cnt + 1;
 13
 14      -- do something within the loop, if there are any rows returned by cursor
 15    end loop;
 16    close c1;
 17
 18    if l_cnt = 0 then
 19       -- cursor didn't return anything
 20       insert into dept (deptno, dname, loc)
 21         values (99, 'Test', 'Test');
 22    end if;
 23  end;
 24  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

测试结果：

SQL> select * from dept order by deptno;

    DEPTNO DNAME          LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
        10 ACCOUNTING     NEW YORK
        20 RESEARCH       DALLAS
        30 SALES          CHICAGO
        40 OPERATIONS     BOSTON
        99 Test           Test             --> newly added row

SQL>