我在我的环境中尝试了你的代码，得到了下面同样的错误。

• 我对您的代码进行了一些更改，并收到了发送到Azure门户中的服务总线队列的消息。*
  编码：

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Azure.Messaging.ServiceBus;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Extensions.Http;
using Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.ServiceBus; 
using System.Threading.Tasks;

[assembly: FunctionsStartup(typeof(ServiceBusFunc.Startup))]

namespace ServiceBusFunc
{
    public class Startup : FunctionsStartup
    {
        public override void ConfigureAppConfiguration(IFunctionsConfigurationBuilder builder)
        {
            builder.ConfigurationBuilder
                .SetBasePath(Environment.CurrentDirectory)
                .AddJsonFile("local.settings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true)
                .AddEnvironmentVariables()
                .Build();
        }

        public override void Configure(IFunctionsHostBuilder builder)
        {
            IConfiguration config = builder.GetContext().Configuration;
            builder.Services.AddSingleton(config);

            string serviceBusConnectionString = config.GetValue<string>("ServiceBusConnectionString");
            builder.Services.AddSingleton(x => new ServiceBusClient(serviceBusConnectionString));

            builder.Services.AddSingleton<ServiceBusSender>(x =>
            {
                var client = x.GetRequiredService<ServiceBusClient>();
                string queueName = config.GetValue<string>("QueueName");
                return client.CreateSender(queueName);
            });
        }
    }

    public static class SMSActivityStopGetHttpListener
    {
        [FunctionName("SMSActivityStopGetHttpListenerV1")]
        public static async Task<HttpResponseMessage> Run(
            [HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Function, "get", Route = "v1/smsactivity/stop")] HttpRequestMessage req,
            [ServiceBus("<your_queue_name>", Connection = "ServiceBusConnectionString")] IAsyncCollector<ServiceBusMessage> outputMessages,
            ILogger log)
        {
            string messageContent = "hello kamali, how are you?"; // Replace with your message content

            try
            {
                var message = new ServiceBusMessage(messageContent);
                var sender = outputMessages as IAsyncCollector<ServiceBusMessage>; 

                int maxRetries = 3;
                TimeSpan delayBetweenRetries = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);

                for (int retryCount = 0; retryCount < maxRetries; retryCount++)
                {
                    try
                    {
                        await sender.AddAsync(message);
                        return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.Accepted);
                    }
                    catch (ServiceBusException ex) when (ex.Reason == ServiceBusFailureReason.ServiceCommunicationProblem)
                    {
                        log.LogWarning($"Service Bus communication problem. Retrying in {delayBetweenRetries.TotalSeconds} seconds.");
                        await Task.Delay(delayBetweenRetries);
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        log.LogError(ex, "Error sending message to Service Bus");
                        return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError)
                        {
                            Content = new StringContent("Internal Server Error", Encoding.UTF8, "application/json")
                        };
                    }
                }
                log.LogError("Failed to send message after multiple retries.");
                return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError)
                {
                    Content = new StringContent("Internal Server Error - Message delivery failed", Encoding.UTF8, "application/json")
                };
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                log.LogError(ex, "Error processing message");
                return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError)
                {
                    Content = new StringContent("Internal Server Error", Encoding.UTF8, "application/json")
                };
            }
        }
    }
}

local.settings.json：

{
  "IsEncrypted": false,
  "Values": {
    "AzureWebJobsStorage": "UseDevelopmentStorage=true",
    "FUNCTIONS_WORKER_RUNTIME": "dotnet",
    "ServiceBusConnectionString": "<ServiceBus_Queue_Connection_String>",
    "QueueName": "<queue_name>"
  }
}

• 注 *：在运行上面的代码之前，请确保您有一个稳定的Internet连接。
  输出：

它成功运行并向服务总线队列发送消息。

下面是浏览器的输出：

Azure Portal：

• 我在Azure Portal中的服务总线队列中收到的消息如下：*

可以使用注入到函数IAzureClientFactory<ServicBusCient>工厂对象中的方法创建所有接收器和接收器。这个对象作为一个单例，以避免重新建立到名称空间的连接，因为这是一个昂贵的操作。发送者和接收者使用ServiceBusClient维护的连接，并且按需创建和处理成本很低。