sudo apt-get install php7.4-zip

在ubuntu 18.04中运行

也许你想看看这篇文章：https://www.cloudbooklet.com/upgrade-php-version-to-php-7-4-on-ubuntu/
基本上，它告诉你：
添加PPA for PHP 7.4添加包含PHP 7.4包和其他必需PHP扩展的ondrej/php。

sudo apt install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
sudo apt update

然后你就可以安装扩展了

sudo apt install php7.4-zip

或者安装所有常用的：

sudo apt install php7.4-common php7.4-mysql php7.4-xml php7.4-xmlrpc php7.4-curl php7.4-gd php7.4-imagick php7.4-cli php7.4-dev php7.4-imap php7.4-mbstring php7.4-opcache php7.4-soap php7.4-zip php7.4-intl -y

这是我在ubuntu上安装的方法：
For PHP

sudo apt-get install php7.0-zip

对Centos

You can try: yum install php-pecl-zip.x86_64
Try installing that and enabling it by running: echo "extension=zip.so" >> /etc/php.d/zip.ini

注意：安装上述软件后，请务必重新启动服务器

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart or sudo service nginx restart

我在Debian 9上，它没有随PHP7.4一起提供，但如果您从Sury添加存储库，则可以安装它。

sudo apt install ca-certificates apt-transport-https
wget -q https://packages.sury.org/php/apt.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb https://packages.sury.org/php/ stretch main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/php.list

在那之后，我成功地运行了这个：

apt install php7.4-zip
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  php7.4-zip
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 20.5 kB of archives.
After this operation, 94.2 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 https://packages.sury.org/php stretch/main amd64 php7.4-zip amd64 7.4.7-1+                                                                           0~20200612.18+debian9~1.gbp671911 [20.5 kB]
Fetched 20.5 kB in 0s (149 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package php7.4-zip.
(Reading database ... 107553 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../php7.4-zip_7.4.7-1+0~20200612.18+debian9~1.gbp671911_amd                                                                           64.deb ...
Unpacking php7.4-zip (7.4.7-1+0~20200612.18+debian9~1.gbp671911) ...
Processing triggers for libapache2-mod-php7.4 (7.4.7-1+0~20200612.18+debian9~1.g                                                                           bp671911) ...
Setting up php7.4-zip (7.4.7-1+0~20200612.18+debian9~1.gbp671911) ...
Creating config file /etc/php/7.4/mods-available/zip.ini with new version
Processing triggers for php7.4-fpm (7.4.7-1+0~20200612.18+debian9~1.gbp671911) .                                                                           ..
NOTICE: Not enabling PHP 7.4 FPM by default.
NOTICE: To enable PHP 7.4 FPM in Apache2 do:
NOTICE: a2enmod proxy_fcgi setenvif
NOTICE: a2enconf php7.4-fpm
NOTICE: You are seeing this message because you have apache2 package installed.
Processing triggers for libapache2-mod-php7.4 (7.4.7-1+0~20200612.18+debian9~1.g                                                                           bp671911) ...
Processing triggers for php7.4-cgi (7.4.7-1+0~20200612.18+debian9~1.gbp671911) .                                                                           ..
Processing triggers for php7.4-cli (7.4.7-1+0~20200612.18+debian9~1.gbp671911) .                                                                           ..

实际上，这取决于您使用的PHP版本。一般来说，你会期望这是所有需要的，特别是因为它运行：sudo apt-get install php-zip，但这对我不起作用。该解决方案依赖于PHP版本。
对于目前可用的三个主要PHP版本，这里的最后一个（实际上与我的8.1版本相匹配）对我来说是有效的：

PHP 5.6

sudo apt-get install php5.6-zip

PHP 7.0

sudo apt-get install php7.0-zip

PHP 8.0

sudo apt-get install php8.0-zip

安装后别忘了重启apache！

其中一个应该重新启动Apache：

systemctl restart apache2
/etc/init.d/apache2 restart
sudo service apache2 graceful