oracle 选择ColA=ColB的行，并添加一个新列，用于说明ColA中的原始数据是否重复

zvokhttg  于 2023-11-17  发布在  Oracle
关注(0)|答案(4)|浏览(172)

我试图弄清楚如何查询一个表（该表实际上是一个结果集，所以它将是一个子查询），按ColA=ColB分组（见下文），并在一个步骤中创建一个计算字段。
如果我的测试数据看起来像

ColA    ColB    ColC

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我想只检索ColA=ColB的行，并添加一个新列，告诉我ColA中的原始数据是否重复。

ColA   ColB    ColC    multiples

型
有人能帮我解决语法问题吗？我一直在使用Group By和Subject，但没有用。我需要使用case语句来表示multiplies字段吗？

oracle

4条答案

按热度按时间
6yoyoihd

6yoyoihd1#

更有帮助的方法是发布create table和insert语句，而不是Desc table和select * from table_name; http://tkyte.blogspot.com/2005/06/how-to-ask-questions.html

create table test_repeat(
   cola number,
   colb number,
   colc varchar2(20)
   );
     
insert into test_repeat values (1,1,'aaa'); 
insert into test_repeat values (1,2,'bbbb');    
insert into test_repeat values (1,3,'cccc');    
insert into test_repeat values (2,2,'dddd');    
insert into test_repeat values (3,3,'eeee'); 
insert into test_repeat values (3,4,'ffff');    
insert into test_repeat values (3,5,'gggg');    
insert into test_repeat values (3,6,'hhhh');    
insert into test_repeat values (4,4,'iiii');    
insert into test_repeat values (5,5,'jjjj');    
insert into test_repeat values (6,6,'kkkk');    
insert into test_repeat values (6,7,'llll');    
insert into test_repeat values (6,8,'mmmm');
commit;

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1.您可以使用Oracle分析函数Lead查看结果集，以查看colA是否与下一行相同（在对其进行排序后），如..。
select * from（select colA，colb，（case when colA =（lead（cola）over（partition by colA order by cola，colb））then 'Yes' else 'No' end）multiples，colc from test_repeat）其中colA = colb /

COLA       COLB MUL COLC

型
1.或者你可以得到COLA的每个值的计数，并比较它，看看是否有重复的。
select a.colA，a.colb，a.colc，（case when（select count（*）from test_repeat t where t.cola = a.colA）> 1 then 'Yes' else 'No' end）从test_repeat a where colA = colB /

COLA       COLB COLC                 REP

型
它们都同样简单，但我建议使用解析函数方法，因为我发现它对我过去使用过的所有函数都更快。

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iswrvxsc

iswrvxsc2#

SQL> select *
  2    from test_repeat
  3   order by cola
  4  /

      COLA       COLB COLC
---------- ---------- --------------------
         1          2 bbbb
         1          1 aaa
         1          3 cccc
         2          2 dddd
         3          4 ffff
         3          3 eeee
         3          5 gggg
         3          6 hhhh
         4          4 iiii
         5          5 jjjj
         6          6 kkkk
         6          7 llll
         6          8 mmmm
         7          9 nnnn

14 rows selected.

SQL> select cola "ColA"
  2       , max(decode(colb,cola,colb)) "ColB"
  3       , max(decode(colb,cola,colc)) "ColC"
  4       , case count(*) when 1 then 'no' else 'yes' end "multiples"
  5    from test_repeat
  6   group by cola
  7  having cola = max(decode(colb,cola,colb))
  8   order by cola
  9  /

      ColA       ColB ColC                 mul
---------- ---------- -------------------- ---
         1          1 aaa                  yes
         2          2 dddd                 no
         3          3 eeee                 yes
         4          4 iiii                 no
         5          5 jjjj                 no
         6          6 kkkk                 yes

6 rows selected.

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就性能而言，这个SQL近似等于Rajesh的第一个查询。所以你可以选择你更熟悉的那个。

SQL> set autotrace on
SQL> select * from
  2  (select colA, colb,
  3         (case when colA = (lead(cola) over
  4                            (partition by colA order by cola, colb))
  5              then 'Yes'
  6              else 'No'
  7         end) multiples,
  8         colc
  9    from test_repeat)
 10    where colA = colb
 11  /

      COLA       COLB MUL COLC
---------- ---------- --- --------------------
         1          1 Yes aaa
         2          2 No  dddd
         3          3 Yes eeee
         4          4 No  iiii
         5          5 No  jjjj
         6          6 Yes kkkk

6 rows selected.

Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1491815685

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation           | Name        | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT    |             |    14 |   574 |     4  (25)| 00:00:01 |
|*  1 |  VIEW               |             |    14 |   574 |     4  (25)| 00:00:01 |
|   2 |   WINDOW SORT       |             |    14 |   532 |     4  (25)| 00:00:01 |
|   3 |    TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST_REPEAT |    14 |   532 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

   1 - filter("COLA"="COLB")

Note
-----
   - dynamic sampling used for this statement

Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
          4  recursive calls
          0  db block gets
         15  consistent gets
          0  physical reads
          0  redo size
        421  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
        238  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
          2  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
          1  sorts (memory)
          0  sorts (disk)
          6  rows processed

SQL> /

      COLA       COLB MUL COLC
---------- ---------- --- --------------------
         1          1 Yes aaa
         2          2 No  dddd
         3          3 Yes eeee
         4          4 No  iiii
         5          5 No  jjjj
         6          6 Yes kkkk

6 rows selected.

Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1491815685

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation           | Name        | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT    |             |    14 |   574 |     4  (25)| 00:00:01 |
|*  1 |  VIEW               |             |    14 |   574 |     4  (25)| 00:00:01 |
|   2 |   WINDOW SORT       |             |    14 |   532 |     4  (25)| 00:00:01 |
|   3 |    TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST_REPEAT |    14 |   532 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

   1 - filter("COLA"="COLB")

Note
-----
   - dynamic sampling used for this statement

Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
          0  recursive calls
          0  db block gets
          7  consistent gets
          0  physical reads
          0  redo size
        421  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
        238  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
          2  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
          1  sorts (memory)
          0  sorts (disk)
          6  rows processed

SQL> select cola "ColA"
  2       , max(decode(colb,cola,colb)) "ColB"
  3       , max(decode(colb,cola,colc)) "ColC"
  4       , case count(*) when 1 then 'no' else 'yes' end "multiples"
  5    from test_repeat
  6   group by cola
  7  having cola = max(decode(colb,cola,colb))
  8   order by cola
  9  /

      ColA       ColB ColC                 mul
---------- ---------- -------------------- ---
         1          1 aaa                  yes
         2          2 dddd                 no
         3          3 eeee                 yes
         4          4 iiii                 no
         5          5 jjjj                 no
         6          6 kkkk                 yes

6 rows selected.

Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 3021378319

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation           | Name        | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT    |             |    14 |   532 |     4  (25)| 00:00:01 |
|*  1 |  FILTER             |             |       |       |            |          |
|   2 |   SORT GROUP BY     |             |    14 |   532 |     4  (25)| 00:00:01 |
|   3 |    TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST_REPEAT |    14 |   532 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

   1 - filter("COLA"=MAX(DECODE("COLB","COLA","COLB")))

Note
-----
   - dynamic sampling used for this statement

Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
          0  recursive calls
          0  db block gets
          7  consistent gets
          0  physical reads
          0  redo size
        421  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
        238  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
          2  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
          1  sorts (memory)
          0  sorts (disk)
          6  rows processed

SQL> /

      ColA       ColB ColC                 mul
---------- ---------- -------------------- ---
         1          1 aaa                  yes
         2          2 dddd                 no
         3          3 eeee                 yes
         4          4 iiii                 no
         5          5 jjjj                 no
         6          6 kkkk                 yes

6 rows selected.

Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 3021378319

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation           | Name        | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT    |             |    14 |   532 |     4  (25)| 00:00:01 |
|*  1 |  FILTER             |             |       |       |            |          |
|   2 |   SORT GROUP BY     |             |    14 |   532 |     4  (25)| 00:00:01 |
|   3 |    TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST_REPEAT |    14 |   532 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

   1 - filter("COLA"=MAX(DECODE("COLB","COLA","COLB")))

Note
-----
   - dynamic sampling used for this statement

Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
          0  recursive calls
          0  db block gets
          7  consistent gets
          0  physical reads
          0  redo size
        420  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
        238  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
          2  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
          1  sorts (memory)
          0  sorts (disk)
          6  rows processed

SQL> set autotrace off

型

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mznpcxlj

mznpcxlj3#

我认为你需要对multiples列进行子选择。不需要分组。写如下：

select ColA, ColB, ColC, 
       (CASE
        WHEN (select b.ColA from thistable b where b.ColA = a.ColA) > 1 THEN 'yes'
        ELSE 'no'
        END)
from thistable a
where ColA = ColB

字符串

赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-11-17
zlwx9yxi

zlwx9yxi4#

我不知道lead函数，非常好。Rob和Rajesh，感谢到目前为止的答案，我想我能够使用两个子查询和一个外部连接部分回答我自己的问题。
我猜我的查询没有其他人发布的那么有效，但我想知道人们是否可以评论这个查询。它总是有效吗？它可以调整以使其更有效吗？* 它仍然需要为倍数输入'是'或'否'，现在它将倍数计数或空值设置为0。*

SELECT BB.ColA, ColB, ColC, AA.CNT 
FROM
(SELECT ColA, count(*) as CNT FROM TMPY where ColA<>ColB Group by ColA)  AA, 
(SELECT ColA, ColB, ColC FROM TMPY WHERE COLA=COLB ) BB 
WHERE
AA.COLa(+)=BB.COLB order by bb.ColA;

字符串

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