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我正在使用Axum和HTMX创建一个ChatGpt克隆网站。我真的很难理解如何在Axum后端实现共享可变状态。我一直在引用this example，但当我最终崩溃并克隆示例时，它甚至没有编译。。所以我担心我引用的是过时的信息。我目前的main（）函数是这样的：

pub type SharedState = Arc<RwLock<AppState>>;

#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
pub struct AppState {
    chats: Vec<Chat>,
    current_chat_idx: u8,
}

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() {
    let state = SharedState::default();
    let router: Router<()> = Router::new()
        .route("/", get(home))
        .route("/chat/:current_agent", get(chat))
        .route("/snippets/chat_list", get(chat_list))
        .route("/snippets/chat_buttons", get(chat_buttons))
        .route("/snippets/chat_history", get(chat_history))
        .layer(Extension(state))
        .with_state(AppState::default());
    axum::Server::bind(&"0.0.0.0:3000".parse().unwrap())
        .serve(router.into_make_service())
        .await
        .unwrap();
}

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上面的代码编译并运行，但我很困惑。如果.layer（）让我访问SharedState结构，为什么我需要用.with_state（）方法传递另一个AppState示例？这不是浪费内存吗？完全没有意义，无视这是让它编译的唯一方法？
我使用state: Extension<SharedState>作为参数编写了这些端点：

pub async fn chat_history(state: Extension<SharedState>) -> Html<String> {
    let mut shared_state = state.write().unwrap();
    let agent = shared_state.current_agent();

    let messages: Vec<MessageRender> = agent
        .memory
        .cache()
        .as_ref()
        .into_iter()
        .map(|m| MessageRender::from(m))
        .collect();

    let template = fs::read_to_string("src/html/snippets/chat_history.html").unwrap();
    let r = render!(&template, messages => messages);
    Html(r)
}
pub async fn chat_list(state: Extension<SharedState>) -> Html<String> {
    let shared_state = state.read().unwrap();
    let current_chat_name = &shared_state.current_chat().name;
    println!(
        "Chat list current name, idx: {}, {}",
        current_chat_name,
        state.read().unwrap().current_chat_idx
    );

    let template = fs::read_to_string("src/html/snippets/chat_list.html").unwrap();
    let r = render!(&template,chats => shared_state.chats, current_chat_name => current_chat_name );
    Html(r)
}

型
它们都编译得很好，并且在网页上表现得像预期的那样。但是当我尝试编译这个端点时：

pub async fn post_prompt(
    state: Extension<super::SharedState>,
    Form(prompt): Form<PromptForm>,
) -> Html<String> {
    let mut shared_state = state.write().unwrap();
    let agent = shared_state.current_agent();

    let res = agent.prompt(prompt.user_input).await;
    if let Ok(response) = res {
        println!("{}", response);
    }
    Html(String::new())
}

型
我得到这个错误：

error[E0277]: the trait bound `fn(axum::Extension<Arc<std::sync::RwLock<AppState>>>, Form<PromptForm>) -> impl Future<Output = axum::response::Html<std::string::String>> {api::post_prompt}: Handler<_, _, _>` is not satisfied
   --> src/main.rs:83:58
    |
83  |         .route("/chat/:current_agent/prompt_agent", post(post_prompt))
    |                                                     ---- ^^^^^^^^^^^ the trait `Handler<_, _, _>` is not implemented for fn item `fn(axum::Extension<Arc<std::sync::RwLock<AppState>>>, Form<PromptForm>) -> impl Future<Output = axum::response::Html<std::string::String>> {api::post_prompt}`
    |                                                     |
    |                                                     required by a bound introduced by this call
    |
    = help: the following other types implement trait `Handler<T, S, B>`:
              <Layered<L, H, T, S, B, B2> as Handler<T, S, B2>>
              <MethodRouter<S, B> as Handler<(), S, B>>

型
我试着删除Form参数，尝试只使用Extension参数进行编译，但我还是遇到了同样的错误。