答案有很多组成部分：

• 使用简化的类型别名
• 段必须保持Map状态，因此您必须将其作为类中的成员（或具有更长的生存期）
• 分配器构造只有在始终使用有作用域的分配器并且插入使用分配器构造时才会发生（例如emplace方法）

我有很好的使用Boost Container实现的经验，所以让我们展示一下。

简化类型别名

// Typedefs for shared data structures
namespace bip = boost::interprocess;

namespace Shared {
    namespace bc  = boost::container;
    using Segment = bip::managed_shared_memory;
    using Mgr     = Segment::segment_manager;

    template <typename T> using Alloc  = bc::scoped_allocator_adaptor<bip::allocator<T, Mgr>>;
    template <typename T> using Vector = bc::vector<T, Alloc<T>>;
    template <typename K, typename V, typename Cmp = std::less<K>, typename P = std::pair<K const, V>>
    using Map = bc::map<K, V, Cmp, Alloc<P>>;
} // namespace Shared

字符串
现在你可以简单地说：

using IVMap = Shared::Map<int, Shared::Vector<int>>; // Int_Vector_Map

型
它将扩展到正确的比较器，分配器等集合。

生命周期

要从构造函数构造段，您需要使用初始化器列表。例如：

class Communication {
  public:
    Communication() //
        : segment_{bip::open_only, "Shared"}
        , map_(*segment_.find<IVMap>("Map").first) {}

    void addData(int key, int value);

  private:
    Shared::Segment segment_;
    IVMap&          map_;
};

型

Emplace

要插入新元素，请像这样实现addData：

void addData(int key, int value) {
    auto it = map_.find(key);

    if (it == map_.end())
        it = map_.emplace(key).first;

    it->second.push_back(value);
}

型
请注意，段只是存在。请注意，分配器是由于作用域分配器适配器与emplace构造的组合而传播的。

编辑很遗憾我无法编译emplace。我肯定我错过了一些琐碎的东西，但我已经解决了它，比如：

if (it == map_.end()) {
    IVMap::mapped_type v(map_.get_allocator());
    it = map_.emplace(key, std::move(v)).first;
}

型

现场演示

Live On Coliru

#include <boost/container/scoped_allocator.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/allocators/allocator.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/containers/map.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/containers/vector.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/managed_mapped_file.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/managed_shared_memory.hpp>
#include <set>

// Typedefs for shared data structures
namespace bip = boost::interprocess;

namespace Shared {
    namespace bc  = boost::container;
#ifdef COLIRU // online compiler
    using Segment = bip::managed_mapped_file;
#else
    using Segment = bip::managed_shared_memory;
#endif
    using Mgr     = Segment::segment_manager;

    template <typename T> using Alloc  = bc::scoped_allocator_adaptor<bip::allocator<T, Mgr>>;
    template <typename T> using Vector = bc::vector<T, Alloc<T>>;
    template <typename K, typename V, typename Cmp = std::less<K>, typename P = std::pair<K const, V>>
    using Map = bc::map<K, V, Cmp, Alloc<P>>;
} // namespace Shared

using IVMap = Shared::Map<int, Shared::Vector<int>>; // Int_Vector_Map

class Communication {
  public:
    Communication() //
        : segment_{bip::open_only, "Shared"}
        , map_(*segment_.find<IVMap>("Map").first) {}

    void addData(int key, int value) {
        auto it = map_.find(key);

        if (it == map_.end()) {
            IVMap::mapped_type v(map_.get_allocator());
            it = map_.emplace(key, std::move(v)).first;
        }

        it->second.push_back(value);
    }

    auto const& get() const { return map_; }

  private:
    Shared::Segment segment_;
    IVMap&          map_;
};

#include <fmt/ranges.h>
#include <functional>
#include <random>
static auto vals = bind(std::uniform_int_distribution(100, 999), std::mt19937{std::random_device{}()});

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    auto const args = std::set<std::string_view>(argv + 1, argv + argc);

    if (args.contains("parent")) {
        Shared::Segment seg{bip::open_or_create, "Shared", 10 << 10};
        seg.find_or_construct<IVMap>("Map")(seg.get_segment_manager());
    }

    if (args.contains("child")) {
        Communication comm;

        for (unsigned n = 10; n--;) {
            auto v = vals();
            comm.addData(v / 100, v);
        }

        fmt::print("After insertion:\n - {}\n", fmt::join(comm.get(), "\n - "));
    }
}

型
印刷

+ ./a.out parent
+ ./a.out child
After insertion:
 - (1, [155, 170])
 - (2, [248])
 - (4, [418])
 - (5, [542, 562])
 - (6, [642, 674, 659])
 - (7, [783])
+ ./a.out child
After insertion:
 - (1, [155, 170, 143, 130])
 - (2, [248, 222])
 - (3, [325])
 - (4, [418, 428])
 - (5, [542, 562, 556])
 - (6, [642, 674, 659, 671])
 - (7, [783, 793, 733, 745])
+ ./a.out child
After insertion:
 - (1, [155, 170, 143, 130])
 - (2, [248, 222])
 - (3, [325, 320, 362])
 - (4, [418, 428, 486, 437])
 - (5, [542, 562, 556])
 - (6, [642, 674, 659, 671, 695, 609])
 - (7, [783, 793, 733, 745, 786, 777, 793])
 - (9, [995])

型
现场演示本地：