matplotlib 多个地物的单击事件

6za6bjd0  于 2023-11-22  发布在  其他
关注(0)|答案(2)|浏览(247)

我想通过点击图中的值来提取图中的值，同时在此时添加标记/删除旧标记。我只对一个图执行此操作，但在我的实践案例中，我有多个图。
当我有多个图时，点击事件只对最近的图有效。点击其他图将打印出最后一个图的值/在最后一个图中添加标记。

  1. import numpy as np
  2. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  4. %matplotlib qt
  6. # Function to get the closest actual value
  7. def find_nearest(array,value):
  8.     idx = (np.abs(array-value)).argmin()
  9.     return array[idx]
  11. # Function to ectract the value from the graph by clicking
  12. def onclick(event,x,y,fig):
  13.     if event.inaxes is not None:
  14.         ix = find_nearest(x,event.xdata )
  15.         iy = y[np.where(x==ix)[0][0]]
  17.         text = (f'x = {ix},   y = {iy}\n')
  19.         ax1 = fig.get_axes()[0]
  20.         # Update the plots
  21.         if len(ax1.get_lines()) > 1: 
  22.             delete = ax1.get_lines()[-1]
  23.             delete.remove()
  24.         ax1.plot([ix],[iy],marker="x",color="b")
  25.         fig.canvas.draw_idle()
  26.         print(text)
  28. # test case
  29. x = np.arange(0,10,1)
  30. y1 = x
  31. y2 = x**2
  32. y3 = x**3
  34. f1 = [x,y1]
  35. f2 = [x,y2]
  36. f3 = [x,y3]
  37. functions = [f1,f2,f3]
  39. for f in functions:
  40.     fig, ax1 = plt.subplots(1)
  41.     ax1.plot(f[0],f[1])
  42.     #plt.show()
  43.     cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', lambda event: onclick(event,f[0],f[1],fig))

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如果有人知道热修复它，这将是高度赞赏。
我已经试过把fig，ax 1和cid放入字典中，并调整函数参数，但这并没有改变任何东西。
有趣的是，如果我在没有循环的情况下绘制和调用函数，但是单独地进行3次，至少函数的坐标部分的检索工作。只有添加/删除标记不工作。
我在这里发现了一个类似的问题，但我不太明白答案。

matplotlib

2条答案

按热度按时间
6l7fqoea

6l7fqoea1#

我试着写一个代码多个情节，但我不认为这是可能的。所以，我想出了一个主意-当你运行代码，所有的情节显示：
x1c 0d1x的数据
然后你可以点击其中一个。例如，如果你点击第二个图，它会像这样打开，


的
您可以点击这个图，它将显示标记并在终端中输出坐标。如果您想访问其他图，只需关闭此窗口。3个图将出现。然后您可以选择例如，第三个。然后如果您想终止代码，只需关闭原始窗口（具有所有3个子图的窗口）
下面是我的代码：

  1. # Import modules
  2. import numpy as np 
  3. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
  4. from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
  5. # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
  7. # Test data
  8. x = np.arange(0.0, 10.0, 1.0)
  9. y1 = x
  10. y2 = x**2
  11. y3 = x**3
  12. # 
  13. x_data = [x, x, x]
  14. y_data = [y1, y2, y3]
  15. #
  16. colors = ["red", "blue", "green"]  # color to identify which data is viewed
  17. # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
  19. while True:
  21.      # Define the figure and axes of each subplot
  22.      # Documentation https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/subplots_axes_and_figures/subplots_demo.html
  23.      fig, axs = plt.subplots(1, len(x_data), figsize=(16,16))
  25.      # Axis added when viewing one subplot
  26.      ax_added = None
  28.      # Plot the data in each plot
  29.      for i in range(len(x_data)):
  30.           axs[i].plot(x_data[i], y_data[i], color=colors[i])
  31.      # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
  33.      # Variable that stores which subplot is selected
  34.      ax_selected_index = None
  35.      ax_selected_index_copy = None
  37.      # Boolean that keeps track if only one plot is displayed
  38.      selected = False
  40.      # Function to retrieve which subplot has been clicked
  41.      def onClick1(event):
  42.           global axs, ax_selected_index, ax_selected_index_copy
  44.           # Iterate through each plot
  45.           for i in range(len(axs)):
  47.                # Check which plot has been clicked
  48.                # Answer from https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25047846/determine-button-clicked-subplot
  49.                if (event.inaxes == axs[i]):
  50.                     
  51.                     ax_selected_index = i
  52.                     ax_selected_index_copy = i
  54.                     return
  55.      # ----- #
  57.      # Define the coordinates of the mouse when clicked
  58.      mouse_pos_click = [None, None]
  60.      # Function to get mouse coordinates
  61.      def onClick2(event):
  62.           global mouse_pos_click
  64.           # Saves x and y coordinates of mouse
  65.           mouse_pos_click = [event.xdata, event.ydata]
  66.      # ----- #
  68.      def on_close(event):
  69.           global selected
  71.           # Close on first window
  72.           if not selected:
  73.                exit()
  74.      # ----- #
  76.      def animate(i):
  77.           global axs, ax_selected_index, selected, mouse_pos_click, ax_selected_index_copy, ax_added
  79.           # Exit if the user close the first window
  80.           fig.canvas.mpl_connect('close_event', on_close)
  82.           # Retrieve the clicked mouse coordinates
  83.           # If mouse is click --> run onClick1 event
  84.           plt.connect('button_press_event', onClick1)
  86.           # Check whether user has clicked a subplot
  87.           if ax_selected_index != None:
  88.                
  89.                for ax in axs:
  90.                     # Hide X and Y axes label marks
  91.                     ax.xaxis.set_tick_params(labelbottom=False)
  92.                     ax.yaxis.set_tick_params(labelleft=False)
  94.                     # Hide X and Y axes tick marks
  95.                     ax.set_xticks([])
  96.                     ax.set_yticks([])
  98.                # Add another plot "on top" of axs
  99.                ax_added = fig.add_subplot()
  100.                # Plot the required graph
  101.                ax_added.plot(x_data[ax_selected_index], y_data[ax_selected_index], color=colors[ax_selected_index]) 
  103.                # Reset the selected index 
  104.                ax_selected_index = None
  106.                # Update the boolean
  107.                selected = True
  109.           if selected:
  111.                # Retrieve the coordinates of the mouse
  112.                plt.connect('button_press_event', onClick2)
  114.                # Check if user has clicked
  115.                if mouse_pos_click[0] != None:
  117.                     # Find the closest actual value
  118.                     indx = (np.abs(x_data[ax_selected_index_copy]-mouse_pos_click[0])).argmin()
  120.                     # Clear the plot
  121.                     ax_added.clear()
  122.                     # Plot the line
  123.                     ax_added.plot(x_data[ax_selected_index_copy], y_data[ax_selected_index_copy], color=colors[ax_selected_index_copy])
  124.                     # Scatter the point
  125.                     ax_added.scatter(x_data[ax_selected_index_copy][indx], y_data[ax_selected_index_copy][indx], color="black", s=50)
  127.                     # Reset the mouse position
  128.                     mouse_pos_click = [None, None]
  129.                     
  130.                     # Output the coordinates
  131.                     print(f"Figure : {ax_selected_index_copy}")
  132.                     print(f"x = {x_data[ax_selected_index_copy][indx]}, y = {y_data[ax_selected_index_copy][indx]}")
  133.                     print("\n")
  134.           
  136.      animation = FuncAnimation(fig, animate, interval=50)
  138.      # Display the plot
  139.      plt.show()
  140.      # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #

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我希望这对你有帮助！

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赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-11-22
gc0ot86w

gc0ot86w2#

我能够弄清楚它。某种程度上，问题在于循环.我不知道确切的原因，但当我把数字放入字典，然后单独执行点击事件时，它工作了。但是，当我试图通过循环来做这件事时，它不工作。如果有人知道这种奇怪行为的原因，我很乐意得到解释。
然而，我最终解决这个问题的方法是添加一个函数，它执行click事件。通过这样做，我可以再次使用循环。

  1. def access_click_event(figure,x,y):
  2.     figure.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', lambda event: onclick(event,x,y,figure))
  4. figures = {}
  5. for n,f in enumerate(functions):
  6.     fig, ax1 = plt.subplots(1)
  7.     figures[n] = fig
  8.     ax1.plot(f[0],f[1])
  9.     access_click_event(figures[n],f[0],f[1])

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