我想用R中的Q-Q图检验多元和单变量正态性。我用过几种不同的方法--它们似乎都不起作用。我是R的新手，如果能得到任何帮助，我将不胜感激。
我的数据集= vdata_clean1
我有15个预测变量（IV），但没有React变量（DV），因为我正在运行一个验证性因素分析（15个变量代表15种不同类型的项目，构成了我正在测试的量表）。
我安装了以下软件包：

install.packages("lavaan", dependencies=TRUE)
install.packages ("semPlot")
install.packages ("semTools")
install.packages("psych")
install.packages("MVN")
install.packages("mvtnorm")
install.packages("ggplot2")
install.packages("qgraph")
install.packages("psych")

字符串
1.首先，我使用了mvn函数（多变量q-q图）

mvn(data = vdata_clean1, subset = NULL, mvnTest = c("mardia"),
covariance = TRUE, tol = 1e-25, alpha = 0.5, scale = FALSE, desc                    
= TRUE, transform = "none", R = 1000, univariateTest = c("SW"),   
univariatePlot = "none", multivariatePlot = "q-q",   
multivariateOutlierMethod = "none", bc = FALSE, bcType = 
"rounded", showOutliers = FALSE, showNewData = FALSE)

型
=>我没有收到错误消息，但图不显示。

1.其次，我尝试了qqnorm函数（多变量q-q图）

qqnorm(vdata_clean1, ylim, main = "Normal Q-Q Plot", xlab = 
"Theoretical Quantiles", ylab = "Sample Quantiles", plot.it =   
TRUE, datax = FALSE)

型
=>我收到以下错误消息，但没有绘图：

Error: Must use a vector in `[`, not an object of class matrix.   
Call `rlang:last_error()` to see a backtrace'

型

• 我尝试了一个变量的ggplot函数（ILproto_1）（单变量q-q图）

ggplot(vdata_clean1, aes(sample = ILproto_1)) + stat_qq() + 
stat_qq_line() + labs(title= "Normality Q-Q Plot (ILproto_1)", y 
= "Sample Quantiles") + theme_classic() `

型
=>我收到了这个错误消息：

Don't know how to automatically pick scale for object of type    
haven_labelled. Defaulting to continuous.
Don't know how to automatically pick scale for object of type   
haven_labelled. Defaulting to continuous.
Error in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x,     
x$y,  : 
polygon edge not found
In addition: Warning message:
In grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y,     
: no font could be found for family "Arial"

• 我还尝试了使用ggplot函数（针对变量ILproto_1）绘制直方图

ggp1 <- ggplot(vdata_clean1, aes(x = ILproto_1))
ggp1 <- ggp1 + geom_histogram(binwidth=1, colour="black", 
                  aes(y=..density.., fill=..count..))
ggp1 <- ggp1 + scale_fill_gradient("Count", low="#DCDCDC", 
high="#7C7C7C")
ggp1 <- ggp1 + stat_function(fun=dnorm,
                 color="red",
                 args=list(mean=mean(vdata_clean1$ILproto_1), 
                           sd=sd(vdata_clean1$ILproto_1)))
ggp1

=>没有错误消息，但我没有收到任何图