library(tidyverse)
library(ggrepel)

datasets::iris %>% 
  transmute(age = as.numeric(cut_number(Sepal.Length,3)),
         gender = as.numeric(cut_number(Petal.Length,2)),
         respond = Species) %>% 
  mutate(n1 = n(), .by = c(age, gender, respond)) %>%
  mutate(n2 = n(), .by = c(age, gender)) %>%
  mutate(percentage = 100 * n1/n2, .by = c(age, gender)) %>% 
  unique() %>% 
  arrange(age, gender) %>% 
ggplot(aes(x = '', y = percentage, fill = respond)) +
  geom_col(width = 1, position = position_fill()) +
  coord_polar('y') +
  facet_grid(gender ~ age) +
  theme(axis.text = element_blank(),
        axis.title = element_blank(),
        axis.ticks = element_blank()) +
  geom_label_repel(aes(label = sprintf("%.0f%%", percentage)),
                   position = position_fill(vjust = 0.2), size = 3, max.time = 8, 
                   box.padding = 1)

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x1c 0d1x的数据
创建于2023-12-28带有reprex v2.0.2

我捏造了一些数据，所以我可以在这方面的工作。我认为你正在寻找的是box.padding = ...参数。你可以发挥价值，以改变偏移量的长度。

flying63 <- tibble(percentage = rep(c(80,7,13),4),
                   baby_on_plane=rep(c('Not Rude','Somewhat','Very'),4),
                   gender = sample(c('M','F'),12, replace = T),
                   age = sample(c('18','30','45','60'),12,replace = T))

ggplot(flying63, aes(x = '', y = percentage, fill = baby_on_plane)) +
  geom_col(width = 1, position = position_fill()) +
  coord_polar('y') +
  facet_grid(gender ~ age) +
  geom_label_repel(aes(label = sprintf("%.2f%%", percentage)),
                   position = position_fill(), size = 3, max.time = 8,
#++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
                   box.padding = 1) + # This is the change
#++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
  theme(axis.text = element_blank(),
        axis.title = element_blank(),
        axis.ticks = element_blank())

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的数据

要在堆叠条形图中的每个条形中间放置标签，您需要设置position_stack（）的vjust参数：
你需要的是position = position_stack(vjust = 0.5)这里是原始的例子：

library(dplyr)
library(ggplot2)

flying63 %>% 
  ggplot(aes(x = 1, y = percentage, fill = baby_on_plane)) +
  geom_col() +
  geom_text(aes(label = paste0(round(percentage, 1), "%")), 
            position = position_stack(vjust = 0.5),
            size = 6)+
  coord_polar("y", start=0) +
  facet_grid(gender ~ paste("Age: ",age)) +
  labs(fill = "Baby on plane")+
  theme_void()+
  theme(text = element_text(size=16),
        legend.position = "bottom")

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的数据
数据类型：

flying63 <- structure(list(gender = c("Female", "Female", "Female", "Female", 
"Male", "Male", "Male", "Male", "Female", "Female", "Female", 
"Female", "Male", "Male", "Male", "Male", "Female", "Female", 
"Female", "Female", "Male", "Male", "Male", "Male"), age = structure(c(1L, 
2L, 3L, 4L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 1L, 
2L, 3L, 4L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L), levels = c("18-29", "30-44", "45-60", 
"> 60"), class = c("ordered", "factor")), baby_on_plane = c("Yes, very rude", 
"Yes, very rude", "Yes, very rude", "Yes, very rude", "Yes, very rude", 
"Yes, very rude", "Yes, very rude", "Yes, very rude", "Yes, somewhat rude", 
"Yes, somewhat rude", "Yes, somewhat rude", "Yes, somewhat rude", 
"Yes, somewhat rude", "Yes, somewhat rude", "Yes, somewhat rude", 
"Yes, somewhat rude", "No, not at all rude", "No, not at all rude", 
"No, not at all rude", "No, not at all rude", "No, not at all rude", 
"No, not at all rude", "No, not at all rude", "No, not at all rude"
), n = c(5L, 5L, 6L, 6L, 8L, 11L, 15L, 5L, 23L, 11L, 14L, 10L, 
19L, 34L, 19L, 17L, 47L, 62L, 75L, 71L, 35L, 50L, 74L, 55L), 
    percentage = c(6.66666666666667, 6.41025641025641, 6.31578947368421, 
    6.89655172413793, 12.9032258064516, 11.5789473684211, 13.8888888888889, 
    6.49350649350649, 30.6666666666667, 14.1025641025641, 14.7368421052632, 
    11.4942528735632, 30.6451612903226, 35.7894736842105, 17.5925925925926, 
    22.0779220779221, 62.6666666666667, 79.4871794871795, 78.9473684210526, 
    81.6091954022989, 56.4516129032258, 52.6315789473684, 68.5185185185185, 
    71.4285714285714), label_position = c(3.33333333333333, 3.2051282051282, 
    3.1578947368421, 3.44827586206896, 6.4516129032258, 5.78947368421055, 
    6.94444444444445, 3.24675324675324, 15.3333333333333, 7.05128205128205, 
    7.3684210526316, 5.7471264367816, 15.3225806451613, 17.8947368421052, 
    8.7962962962963, 11.038961038961, 31.3333333333333, 39.7435897435898, 
    39.4736842105263, 40.8045977011494, 28.2258064516129, 26.3157894736842, 
    34.2592592592593, 35.7142857142857)), class = c("grouped_df", 
"tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"), row.names = c(NA, -24L), groups = structure(list(
    gender = c("Female", "Female", "Female", "Female", "Female", 
    "Female", "Female", "Female", "Female", "Female", "Female", 
    "Female", "Male", "Male", "Male", "Male", "Male", "Male", 
    "Male", "Male", "Male", "Male", "Male", "Male"), age = structure(c(1L, 
    1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 
    2L, 2L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 4L, 4L, 4L), levels = c("18-29", "30-44", 
    "45-60", "> 60"), class = c("ordered", "factor")), baby_on_plane = c("No, not at all rude", 
    "Yes, somewhat rude", "Yes, very rude", "No, not at all rude", 
    "Yes, somewhat rude", "Yes, very rude", "No, not at all rude", 
    "Yes, somewhat rude", "Yes, very rude", "No, not at all rude", 
    "Yes, somewhat rude", "Yes, very rude", "No, not at all rude", 
    "Yes, somewhat rude", "Yes, very rude", "No, not at all rude", 
    "Yes, somewhat rude", "Yes, very rude", "No, not at all rude", 
    "Yes, somewhat rude", "Yes, very rude", "No, not at all rude", 
    "Yes, somewhat rude", "Yes, very rude"), .rows = structure(list(
        17L, 9L, 1L, 18L, 10L, 2L, 19L, 11L, 3L, 20L, 12L, 4L, 
        21L, 13L, 5L, 22L, 14L, 6L, 23L, 15L, 7L, 24L, 16L, 8L), ptype = integer(0), class = c("vctrs_list_of", 
    "vctrs_vctr", "list"))), row.names = c(NA, -24L), .drop = TRUE, class = c("tbl_df", 
"tbl", "data.frame")))

型