原始答案：

使用querySelector()/querySelectorAll和XPath (XML Path Language)可以检索elementHandle（分别是句柄的集合）。一般来说，**可以用于在XML文档中导航元素和属性。

from playwright import sync_playwright
with sync_playwright() as p:
    for browser_type in [p.chromium, p.firefox, p.webkit]:
        browser = browser_type.launch(headless=False)
        page = browser.newPage()
        page.goto('https://duckduckgo.com/')
        element = page.querySelector('input[id=\"search_form_input_homepage\"]')
        
        parent = element.querySelector('xpath=..')
        grandparent = element.querySelector('xpath=../..')
        siblings = element.querySelectorAll('xpath=following-sibling::*')
        children = element.querySelectorAll('xpath=child::*')
        browser.close()

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更新（2022-07-22）：

似乎browser.newPage()已被弃用，因此在较新版本的playwright中，该函数被称为browser.new_page()（注意不同的函数名称）。
可以选择先创建一个浏览器上下文（然后关闭它），并在该上下文上调用new_page()。
访问孩子/父母/祖父母/兄弟姐妹的方式保持不变。

from playwright import sync_playwright
with sync_playwright() as p:
    for browser_type in [p.chromium, p.firefox, p.webkit]:
        browser = browser_type.launch(headless=False)
        context = browser.new_context()
        page = context.new_page()
        page.goto('https://duckduckgo.com/')
        element = page.querySelector('input[id=\"search_form_input_homepage\"]')
        
        parent = element.querySelector('xpath=..')
        grandparent = element.querySelector('xpath=../..')
        siblings = element.querySelectorAll('xpath=following-sibling::*')
        children = element.querySelectorAll('xpath=child::*')
        context.close()
        browser.close()

型

接受的答案是在旧版本的剧作家。使用以下格式为当前版本，它将工作。

from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
with sync_playwright() as p:
    for browser_type in [p.chromium, p.firefox, p.webkit]:
        browser = browser_type.launch(headless=False)
        context = browser.new_context()
        page =context.new_page()
        page.goto('https://duckduckgo.com/')
        element = page.query_selector('input[id=\"search_form_input_homepage\"]')
        
        parent = element.query_selector('xpath=..')
        grandparent = element.query_selector('xpath=../..')
        siblings = element.query_selector_all('xpath=following-sibling::*')
        children = element.query_selector_all('xpath=child::*')
        context.close()
        browser.close()

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现在不再使用query_selector，而是使用

child_element = page.locator('input[id=\"search_form_input_homepage\"]')
parent = page.locator('div').filter(has=child_element)
grandparent = page.locator('xpath=../..')
siblings = page.locator('xpath=following-sibling::*')
children = page.locator('xpath=child::*')

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参见链接