下面是如何使用IHostApplicationLifetime.StopApplication()的完整示例。

void Main()
{
    var host = Host.CreateDefaultBuilder()
        .ConfigureServices((context, services) =>
        {
            services.AddHostedService<MyService>();
        })
        .Build();
    
    Console.WriteLine("Starting service");
    host.Run();
    
    Console.WriteLine("Ended service");
}
// You can define other methods, fields, classes and namespaces here
public class MyService : BackgroundService
{
    private readonly IHostApplicationLifetime _lifetime;
    
    private readonly Random _rnd = new Random();
    
    public MyService(IHostApplicationLifetime lifetime)
    {
        _lifetime = lifetime;
    }
    
    protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
    {
        try
        {
            while (true)
            {
                stoppingToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
                
                var nextNumber = _rnd.Next(10);
                if (nextNumber < 8)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine($"We have number {nextNumber}");
                }
                else
                {
                    throw new Exception("Number too high");
                }
                
                await Task.Delay(1000);
            }
        }
        // If the application is shutting down, ignore it
        catch (OperationCanceledException e) when (e.CancellationToken == stoppingToken)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Application is shutting itself down");
        }
        // Otherwise, we have a real exception, so must ask the application
        // to shut itself down.
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Oh dear. We have an exception. Let's end the process.");
            // Signal to the OS that this was an error condition by 
            // setting the exit code.
            Environment.ExitCode = 1;
            _lifetime.StopApplication();
        }
    }
}

字符串
此程序的典型输出如下所示：

Starting service
We have number 0
info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]
      Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.
info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]
      Hosting environment: Production
info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]
      Content root path: C:\Users\rowla\AppData\Local\Temp\LINQPad6\_spgznchd\shadow-1
We have number 2
Oh dear. We have an exception. Let's end the process.
info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]
      Application is shutting down...
Ended service

型

我偶然看到了这篇文章，我不认为RB的回答能解决我的问题，所以我想扩展一下他的回答，以防对其他人有帮助。我在kubernetes中使用.net7和.net8，有两个问题，1）我的后台服务不会退出，2）如果抛出错误，进程会退出，代码0表示kubernetes成功。
在大量的研究和测试之后，你会想要注入IHostApplicationLifetime并停止你的应用程序，因为后台服务将运行直到被取消。捕捉异常并设置Environment.ExitCode = 1以让kubernetes知道有一个失败。

protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
{
    try
    {
        // your long-running work
    }
    catch (OperationCanceledException)
    {
        // log or ignore
    }
    catch (Exception exception)
    {
        // BackgroundService always exits with code 0 which does not let kubernetes know
        // if there was an error. Explicitly setting exit code to 1 to relay a failure.
        Environment.ExitCode = 1;
    }
    finally
    {
        _lifetime.StopApplication();
    }
}

字符串