完整版见 https://jadyer.github.io/2013/08/20/lucene-highlighter/

package com.jadyer.lucene;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Field;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexReader;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriterConfig;
import org.apache.lucene.queryParser.MultiFieldQueryParser;
import org.apache.lucene.queryParser.QueryParser;
import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher;
import org.apache.lucene.search.Query;
import org.apache.lucene.search.ScoreDoc;
import org.apache.lucene.search.TopDocs;
import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.Formatter;
import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.Fragmenter;
import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.Highlighter;
import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.QueryScorer;
import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.SimpleHTMLFormatter;
import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.SimpleSpanFragmenter;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;
import org.apache.lucene.util.Version;
import org.apache.tika.Tika;

import com.chenlb.mmseg4j.analysis.MMSegAnalyzer;

/**
 * 【Lucene3.6.2入门系列】第11节_高亮
 * @see 高亮功能属于Lucene的扩展功能(或者叫做贡献功能)
 * @see 其所需jar位于Lucene-3.6.2.zip中的/contrib/highlighter/文件夹中
 * @see 本例中需要以下4个jar
 * @see lucene-core-3.6.2.jar
 * @see lucene-highlighter-3.6.2.jar
 * @see mmseg4j-all-1.8.5-with-dic.jar
 * @see tika-app-1.4.jar
 * @create Aug 7, 2013 11:37:10 AM
 * @author 玄玉<http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer>
 */
public class HelloHighLighter {
	private Directory directory;
	private IndexReader reader;
	
	public HelloHighLighter(){
		Document doc = null;
		IndexWriter writer = null;
		try{
			directory = FSDirectory.open(new File("myExample/myIndex/"));
			writer = new IndexWriter(directory, new IndexWriterConfig(Version.LUCENE_36, new MMSegAnalyzer()));
			writer.deleteAll();
			for(File myFile : new File("myExample/myFile/").listFiles()){
				doc = new Document();
				doc.add(new Field("filecontent", new Tika().parse(myFile))); //Field.Store.NO,Field.Index.ANALYZED
				doc.add(new Field("filepath", myFile.getAbsolutePath(), Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));
				writer.addDocument(doc);
			}
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			if(null != writer){
				try {
					writer.close();
				} catch (IOException ce) {
					ce.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 获取IndexSearcher实例
	 */
	private IndexSearcher getIndexSearcher(){
		try {
			if(reader == null){
				reader = IndexReader.open(directory);
			}else{
				//if the index was changed since the provided reader was opened, open and return a new reader; else,return null
				//如果当前reader在打开期间index发生改变,则打开并返回一个新的IndexReader,否则返回null
				IndexReader ir = IndexReader.openIfChanged(reader);
				if(ir != null){
					reader.close(); //关闭原reader
					reader = ir;    //赋予新reader
				}
			}
			return new IndexSearcher(reader);
		}catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null; //发生异常则返回null
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 高亮搜索
	 * @see 高亮搜索时,不建议把高亮信息存到索引里,而是搜索到内容之后再进行高亮处理
	 * @see 这里用的是MMSeg4j中文分词器,有关其介绍详见http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer/article/details/10049525
	 * @param expr 搜索表达式
	 */
	public void searchByHignLighter(String expr){
		Analyzer analyzer = new MMSegAnalyzer();
		IndexSearcher searcher = this.getIndexSearcher();
		//搜索多个Field
		QueryParser parser = new MultiFieldQueryParser(Version.LUCENE_36, new String[]{"filepath", "filecontent"}, analyzer);
		try {
			Query query = parser.parse(expr);
			TopDocs tds = searcher.search(query, 50);
			for(ScoreDoc sd : tds.scoreDocs){
				Document doc = searcher.doc(sd.doc);
				//获取文档内容
				String filecontent = new Tika().parseToString(new File(doc.get("filepath")));
				System.out.println("搜索到的内容为[" + filecontent + "]");
				//开始高亮处理
				QueryScorer queryScorer = new QueryScorer(query);
				Fragmenter fragmenter = new SimpleSpanFragmenter(queryScorer, filecontent.length());
				Formatter formatter = new SimpleHTMLFormatter("<span style='color:red'>", "</span>");
				Highlighter hl = new Highlighter(formatter, queryScorer);
				hl.setTextFragmenter(fragmenter);
				System.out.println("高亮后的内容为[" + hl.getBestFragment(analyzer, "filecontent", filecontent) + "]");
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if(null != searcher){
				try {
					searcher.close(); //记得关闭IndexSearcher
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
	}

	
	/**
	 * 高亮的使用方式
	 * @see 这里用的是MMSeg4j中文分词器,有关其介绍详见http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer/article/details/10049525
	 */
	private static void testHighLighter(){
		String fieldName = "myinfo"; //这个可以随便写,就是起个标识的作用
		String text = "我来自中国黑龙江省哈尔滨市巴彦县兴隆镇长春乡民权村4队";
		QueryParser parser = new QueryParser(Version.LUCENE_36, fieldName, new MMSegAnalyzer());
		try {
			//MMSeg4j的new MMSegAnalyzer()默认只会对'中国'和'兴隆'进行分词,所以这里就只高亮它们俩了
			Query query = parser.parse("中国 兴隆");
			//针对查询出来的文本,查询其评分,以便于能够根据评分决定显示情况
			QueryScorer queryScorer = new QueryScorer(query);
			//对字符串或文本进行分段,SimpleSpanFragmenter构造方法的第二个参数可以指定高亮的文本长度,默认为100
			Fragmenter fragmenter = new SimpleSpanFragmenter(queryScorer);
			//高亮时的高亮格式,默认为<B></B>,这里指定为红色字体
			Formatter formatter = new SimpleHTMLFormatter("<span style='color:red'>", "</span>");
			//Highlighter专门用来做高亮显示
			//该构造方法还有一个参数为Encoder,它有两个实现类DefaultEncoder和SimpleHTMLEncoder
			//SimpleHTMLEncoder可以忽略掉HTML标签,而DefaultEncoder则不会忽略HTML标签
			Highlighter hl = new Highlighter(formatter, queryScorer);
			hl.setTextFragmenter(fragmenter);
			System.out.println(hl.getBestFragment(new MMSegAnalyzer(), fieldName, text));
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 小测试一下
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//测试高亮的基本使用效果
		HelloHighLighter.testHighLighter();
		//测试高亮搜索的效果(测试前记得在myExample/myFile/文件夹中准备一个或多个内容包含"依赖"的doc或pdf的等文件)
		new HelloHighLighter().searchByHignLighter("依赖");
	}
}