MongoDB从入门到实战

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来源：https://blog.csdn.net/vbirdbest/category_7040900.html

spring-data-mongodb使用示例

转x33g5p2x  于2021-12-25 转载在 Go  
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一： 引入所需要的依赖

  1. <!-- mongodb -->
  2. <dependency>
  3.     <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
  4.     <artifactId>mongo-java-driver</artifactId>
  5.     <version>3.3.0</version>
  6. </dependency>
  8. <!-- spring-data-mongodb -->
  9. <dependency>
  10.     <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
  11.     <artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>
  12.     <version>1.9.4.RELEASE</version>
  13. </dependency>

二：mongodb与Spring集成

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo-1.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
  4.     <!-- MongoDB -->
  5.     <mongo:mongo id="mongo" host="127.0.0.1" port="27017">
  6.     </mongo:mongo>
  8.     <bean id="mongoTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate">
  9.         <constructor-arg ref="mongo" />
  10.         <constructor-arg name="databaseName" value="mydb" />
  11.     </bean>
  12. </beans>

三： 测试

实体类：Member

  1. package com.mengdee.manager.domain;
  3. import java.io.Serializable;
  5. public class Member implements Serializable {
  6.     private static final long serialVersionUID = 5157900066984701447L;
  7.     private Integer id;
  8.     private String username;
  9.     private String password;
  10.     private Integer sex;
  11.     private Integer age;
  12.     private String email;
  14.     public Member(Integer id, String username, String password, Integer sex, Integer age, String email) {
  15.         super();
  16.         this.id = id;
  17.         this.username = username;
  18.         this.password = password;
  19.         this.sex = sex;
  20.         this.age = age;
  21.         this.email = email;
  22.     }
  24.     // getter && setter 
  26.     @Override
  27.     public String toString() {
  28.         return "Member [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", password=" + password + ", sex=" + sex + ", age="
  29.                 + age + ", email=" + email + "]";
  30.     }
  31. }

MongoDBTest

  1. package com.mengdee.manager.user;
  3. import java.util.List;
  4. import java.util.Set;
  5. import java.util.regex.Pattern;
  7. import org.junit.Before;
  8. import org.junit.Test;
  9. import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
  10. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
  11. import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
  12. import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort.Direction;
  13. import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
  14. import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapreduce.GroupBy;
  15. import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapreduce.GroupByResults;
  16. import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria;
  17. import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
  18. import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
  19. import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests;
  20. import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
  22. import com.mengdee.manager.domain.Member;
  23. import com.mongodb.BasicDBList;
  24. import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
  25. import com.mongodb.DB;
  27. @ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:conf/spring/spring-*.xml"})
  28. @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
  29. public class MongoDBTest extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests{
  31.     @Autowired
  32.     private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;
  34.     @Before
  35.     public void tearUp(){
  36.         // 数据库
  37.         DB db = mongoTemplate.getDb();
  38.         System.out.println(db.getName());
  40.         // 获取所有集合
  41.         Set<String> collectionNames = mongoTemplate.getCollectionNames();
  42.         System.out.println(collectionNames);
  43.         for (String collectionName : collectionNames) {
  44.             long count = mongoTemplate.count(new Query(), Member.class);
  45.             System.out.println("total doc count:" + count);
  46.             if ("member".equals(collectionName)) {
  47.                 // 获取指定的集合对应的文档
  48.                 List<Member> members = mongoTemplate.findAll(Member.class, collectionName);
  49.                 printMembers("findAll", members);
  50.             }
  51.         }
  53.         boolean collectionExists = mongoTemplate.collectionExists(Member.class);
  54.         System.out.println("member collection isExists:" + collectionExists);
  55.         if (collectionExists) {
  56. // mongoTemplate.dropCollection(Member.class);
  57.         }
  58.     }
  60.     // 在保存集合时，如果集合不存在，集合的名字默认为实体类的名字，名字全部小写
  61.     // insert : 当_id 重复插入时会被忽略
  62.     // save： 当_id值相同时就更新, 否则就插入（addOrUpdate）
  63.     @Test
  64.     public void testInsert(){
  65.         Member member1 = new Member(1, "mengdee1", "111111", 1, 15, "mengdee1@163.com");
  66.         mongoTemplate.insert(member1);
  68.         Member member11 = new Member(1, "mengdee11", "222222", 2, 20, "mengdee11@163.com");
  69.         mongoTemplate.insert(member11);
  71.         Member member111 = new Member(1, "mengdee111", "123456", 1, 17, "mengdee111@163.com");
  72.         mongoTemplate.save(member111);
  74.         Member member2 = new Member(2, "mengdee2", "123456", 1, 22, "mengdee2@163.com");
  75.         mongoTemplate.save(member2);
  77.         Member member3 = new Member(3, "vbirdbest1", "123456", 2, 25, "vbirdbest1@126.com");
  78.         mongoTemplate.save(member3);
  80.         Member member4 = new Member(4, "vbirdbest2", "666666", 1, 26, "vbirdbest2@126.com");
  81.         mongoTemplate.save(member4);
  83.         Member member5 = new Member(5, "mengday1", "666666", 2, 28, "mengday1@163.com");
  84.         mongoTemplate.save(member5);
  86.         Member member6 = new Member(6, "mengday2", "888888", 1, 31, "mengday2@163.com");
  87.         mongoTemplate.save(member6);
  89.         Member member7 = new Member(7, "大法师", "888888", 2, 33, "mengdee11@163.com");
  90.         mongoTemplate.save(member7);
  92.         Member member8 = new Member(8, "小法海", "123456", 1, 35, "mengdee11@163.com");
  93.         mongoTemplate.save(member8);
  95.     }
  97.     @Test
  98.     public void testFind() {
  100.         // findById
  101.         Member member = mongoTemplate.findById(5, Member.class);
  102.         System.out.println("findById: id=5: \n" + member);
  104.         // where is
  105.         Query query = new Query();
  106.         query.addCriteria(Criteria.where("id").is(7));
  107.         member = mongoTemplate.findOne(query, Member.class);
  108.         System.out.println("\nfindOne id is 7 \n" + member);
  110.         // 多条键查询 andOperator(相当于SQL中的 and并且)
  111.         Criteria andCriatira = new Criteria();
  112.         andCriatira.andOperator(Criteria.where("age").gte(31), Criteria.where("password").is("888888"));
  113.         List<Member> result = mongoTemplate.find(new Query(andCriatira), Member.class);
  114.         printMembers("where age >= 31 and password = 888888", result);
  116.         // or
  117.         Criteria orCriatira = new Criteria();
  118.         orCriatira.orOperator(Criteria.where("id").in(2, 3, 4, 5), Criteria.where("sex").is(1));
  119.         List<Member> result2 = mongoTemplate.find(new Query(orCriatira), Member.class);
  120.         printMembers("id in (2, 3, 4) or sex = 1", result2);
  122.         //*************************模糊查询 **************************
  124.         // 左匹配 LIKE 'mengday%'
  125.         Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^mengday.*$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
  126.         Query regexQuery = new Query(Criteria.where("username").regex(pattern));
  127.         List<Member> findList = mongoTemplate.find(regexQuery, Member.class);
  128.         printMembers("^mengday.*$", findList);
  130.         // 右匹配 LIKE '%@126.com'
  131.         pattern = Pattern.compile("^.*@126.com$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
  132.         regexQuery = new Query(Criteria.where("email").regex(pattern));
  133.         findList = mongoTemplate.find(regexQuery, Member.class);
  134.         printMembers("^.*@126.com$", findList);
  136.         // 模糊匹配 LIKE '%法%'
  137.         pattern = Pattern.compile("^.*法.*$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
  138.         regexQuery = new Query(Criteria.where("username").regex(pattern));
  139.         findList = mongoTemplate.find(regexQuery, Member.class);
  140.         printMembers("^.*法.*$", findList);
  142.         // 完全匹配 = 'mengdee111'
  143.         pattern = Pattern.compile("^mengdee111$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
  144.         regexQuery = new Query(Criteria.where("username").regex(pattern));
  145.         findList = mongoTemplate.find(regexQuery, Member.class);
  146.         printMembers("^mengdee111$", findList);
  148.         // 分页
  149.         int page = 1;
  150.         int pageSize = 5;
  151.         int offset = (page - 1) * pageSize;
  153.         query = new Query();
  154.         Sort sort = new Sort(Direction.DESC, "id");
  155.         query.with(sort).skip(offset).limit(pageSize);
  156.         List<Member> members = mongoTemplate.find(query, Member.class);
  157.         printMembers("page limit 0, 5", members);
  159.         // group
  160.         System.out.println("\nwhere age > 18 group by password");
  161.         GroupBy groupBy = GroupBy.key("password")
  162.                 .initialDocument("{'sum':0, 'count':0}")
  163.                 .reduceFunction("function (doc, prev){ prev.sum += doc.age; prev.count += 1; }");
  164.         GroupByResults<Member> groupResult = mongoTemplate.group(Criteria.where("age").gt(18), "member", groupBy, Member.class);
  165.         BasicDBList list = (BasicDBList)groupResult.getRawResults().get("retval");
  166.         for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
  167.             BasicDBObject object = (BasicDBObject)list.get(i);
  168.             System.out.println(object);
  169.         }
  171.     }
  173.     @Test
  174.     public void testUpdate() {
  175.         List<Member> members = mongoTemplate.find(new Query(Criteria.where("id").in(1, 2, 3, 8)), Member.class);
  176.         printMembers("update befor\n", members);
  178.         Update update = new Update();
  179.         update.set("password", "abcdef");
  180.         update.inc("age", -1);
  182.         mongoTemplate.updateMulti(new Query(Criteria.where("id").in(1, 2, 3, 8)), update, Member.class);
  184.         members = mongoTemplate.find(new Query(Criteria.where("id").in(1, 2, 3, 8)), Member.class);
  185.         printMembers("update after\n", members);
  186.     }
  188.     private void printMembers(String tips, List<Member> findList) {
  189.         System.out.println("\n" + tips);
  190.         for (Member member : findList) {
  191.             System.out.println(member);
  192.         }
  193.     }
  194. }

测试结果：

  1. [member]
  2. total doc count:8
  4. findAll
  5. Member [id=1, username=mengdee111, password=123456, sex=1, age=17, email=mengdee111@163.com]
  6. Member [id=2, username=mengdee2, password=123456, sex=1, age=22, email=mengdee2@163.com]
  7. Member [id=3, username=vbirdbest1, password=123456, sex=2, age=25, email=vbirdbest1@126.com]
  8. Member [id=4, username=vbirdbest2, password=666666, sex=1, age=26, email=vbirdbest2@126.com]
  9. Member [id=5, username=mengday1, password=666666, sex=2, age=28, email=mengday1@163.com]
  10. Member [id=6, username=mengday2, password=888888, sex=1, age=31, email=mengday2@163.com]
  11. Member [id=7, username=大法师, password=888888, sex=2, age=33, email=mengdee11@163.com]
  12. Member [id=8, username=小法海, password=123456, sex=1, age=35, email=mengdee11@163.com]
  13. member collection isExists:true
  14. findById: id=5: 
  15. Member [id=5, username=mengday1, password=666666, sex=2, age=28, email=mengday1@163.com]
  17. findOne id is 7 
  18. Member [id=7, username=大法师, password=888888, sex=2, age=33, email=mengdee11@163.com]
  20. where age >= 31 and password = 888888
  21. Member [id=6, username=mengday2, password=888888, sex=1, age=31, email=mengday2@163.com]
  22. Member [id=7, username=大法师, password=888888, sex=2, age=33, email=mengdee11@163.com]
  24. id in (2, 3, 4) or sex = 1
  25. Member [id=1, username=mengdee111, password=123456, sex=1, age=17, email=mengdee111@163.com]
  26. Member [id=2, username=mengdee2, password=123456, sex=1, age=22, email=mengdee2@163.com]
  27. Member [id=3, username=vbirdbest1, password=123456, sex=2, age=25, email=vbirdbest1@126.com]
  28. Member [id=4, username=vbirdbest2, password=666666, sex=1, age=26, email=vbirdbest2@126.com]
  29. Member [id=5, username=mengday1, password=666666, sex=2, age=28, email=mengday1@163.com]
  30. Member [id=6, username=mengday2, password=888888, sex=1, age=31, email=mengday2@163.com]
  31. Member [id=8, username=小法海, password=123456, sex=1, age=35, email=mengdee11@163.com]
  33. ^mengday.*$
  34. Member [id=5, username=mengday1, password=666666, sex=2, age=28, email=mengday1@163.com]
  35. Member [id=6, username=mengday2, password=888888, sex=1, age=31, email=mengday2@163.com]
  37. ^.*@126.com$
  38. Member [id=3, username=vbirdbest1, password=123456, sex=2, age=25, email=vbirdbest1@126.com]
  39. Member [id=4, username=vbirdbest2, password=666666, sex=1, age=26, email=vbirdbest2@126.com]
  41. ^.*法.*$
  42. Member [id=7, username=大法师, password=888888, sex=2, age=33, email=mengdee11@163.com]
  43. Member [id=8, username=小法海, password=123456, sex=1, age=35, email=mengdee11@163.com]
  45. ^mengdee111$
  46. Member [id=1, username=mengdee111, password=123456, sex=1, age=17, email=mengdee111@163.com]
  48. page limit 0, 5
  49. Member [id=8, username=小法海, password=123456, sex=1, age=35, email=mengdee11@163.com]
  50. Member [id=7, username=大法师, password=888888, sex=2, age=33, email=mengdee11@163.com]
  51. Member [id=6, username=mengday2, password=888888, sex=1, age=31, email=mengday2@163.com]
  52. Member [id=5, username=mengday1, password=666666, sex=2, age=28, email=mengday1@163.com]
  53. Member [id=4, username=vbirdbest2, password=666666, sex=1, age=26, email=vbirdbest2@126.com]
  55. where age > 18 group by password
  56. { "password" : "123456" , "sum" : 82.0 , "count" : 3.0}
  57. { "password" : "666666" , "sum" : 54.0 , "count" : 2.0}
  58. { "password" : "888888" , "sum" : 64.0 , "count" : 2.0}

四：常用的类和常用的方法

Query

  1. public class Query {
  2.     public static Query query(CriteriaDefinition criteriaDefinition);
  3.     public Query(CriteriaDefinition criteriaDefinition);
  5.     public Query addCriteria(CriteriaDefinition criteriaDefinition);
  7.     public Query skip(int skip);
  8.     public Query limit(int limit);
  9.     public Query withHint(String name);
  10.     public Query with(Pageable pageable);
  11.     public Query with(Sort sort);
  12. }

Criteria

  1. public class Criteria implements CriteriaDefinition {
  2.     public Criteria(String key);
  3.     public static Criteria where(String key);
  5.     public Criteria and(String key);
  6.     public Criteria is(Object o);
  7.     public Criteria ne(Object o);
  8.     public Criteria lt(Object o);
  9.     public Criteria lte(Object o);
  10.     public Criteria gt(Object o);
  11.     public Criteria gte(Object o);
  12.     public Criteria in(Object... o);
  13.     public Criteria nin(Object... o);
  14.     public Criteria not();
  15.     public Criteria regex(String re);
  16.     public Criteria andOperator(Criteria... criteria);
  17.     public Criteria orOperator(Criteria... criteria);
  19.     public Criteria mod(Number value, Number remainder);
  20.     public Criteria all(Object... o);
  21.     public Criteria size(int s);
  22.     public Criteria exists(boolean b);
  23.     public Criteria type(int t);
  25. }

Update

  1. public class Update {
  2.     public static Update update(String key, Object value);
  3.     public Update set(String key, Object value);
  4.     public Update inc(String key, Number inc);
  5.     public Update push(String key, Object value);
  6.     public Update pop(String key, Position pos);
  8. }

MongoTemplate

  1. public class MongoTemplate implements MongoOperations {
  2.     String getCollectionName(Class<?> entityClass);
  4.     <T> DBCollection createCollection(Class<T> entityClass);
  6.     <T> DBCollection createCollection(Class<T> entityClass, CollectionOptions collectionOptions);
  8.     DBCollection createCollection(String collectionName);
  10.     DBCollection createCollection(String collectionName, CollectionOptions collectionOptions);
  12.     Set<String> getCollectionNames();
  14.     DBCollection getCollection(String collectionName);
  16.     <T> boolean collectionExists(Class<T> entityClass);
  18.     boolean collectionExists(String collectionName);
  20.     <T> void dropCollection(Class<T> entityClass);
  22.     void dropCollection(String collectionName);
  24.     <T> List<T> findAll(Class<T> entityClass);
  25.     <T> List<T> findAll(Class<T> entityClass, String collectionName);
  27.     <T> GroupByResults<T> group(String inputCollectionName, GroupBy groupBy, Class<T> entityClass);
  28.     <T> GroupByResults<T> group(Criteria criteria, String inputCollectionName, GroupBy groupBy, Class<T> entityClass);
  30.     <O> AggregationResults<O> aggregate(TypedAggregation<?> aggregation, String collectionName, Class<O> outputType);
  31.     <O> AggregationResults<O> aggregate(TypedAggregation<?> aggregation, Class<O> outputType);
  32.     <O> AggregationResults<O> aggregate(Aggregation aggregation, Class<?> inputType, Class<O> outputType);
  33.     <O> AggregationResults<O> aggregate(Aggregation aggregation, String collectionName, Class<O> outputType);
  35.     <T> MapReduceResults<T> mapReduce(String inputCollectionName, String mapFunction, String reduceFunction,
  36.             Class<T> entityClass);
  37.     <T> MapReduceResults<T> mapReduce(String inputCollectionName, String mapFunction, String reduceFunction,
  38.             MapReduceOptions mapReduceOptions, Class<T> entityClass);
  39.     <T> MapReduceResults<T> mapReduce(Query query, String inputCollectionName, String mapFunction, String reduceFunction,
  40.             Class<T> entityClass);
  41.     <T> MapReduceResults<T> mapReduce(Query query, String inputCollectionName, String mapFunction, String reduceFunction,
  42.             MapReduceOptions mapReduceOptions, Class<T> entityClass);
  44.     <T> GeoResults<T> geoNear(NearQuery near, Class<T> entityClass);
  45.     <T> GeoResults<T> geoNear(NearQuery near, Class<T> entityClass, String collectionName);
  47.     <T> T findOne(Query query, Class<T> entityClass);
  48.     <T> T findOne(Query query, Class<T> entityClass, String collectionName);
  50.     boolean exists(Query query, String collectionName);
  51.     boolean exists(Query query, Class<?> entityClass);
  52.     boolean exists(Query query, Class<?> entityClass, String collectionName);
  54.     <T> List<T> find(Query query, Class<T> entityClass);
  55.     <T> List<T> find(Query query, Class<T> entityClass, String collectionName);
  57.     <T> T findById(Object id, Class<T> entityClass);
  58.     <T> T findById(Object id, Class<T> entityClass, String collectionName);
  60.     <T> T findAndModify(Query query, Update update, Class<T> entityClass);
  61.     <T> T findAndModify(Query query, Update update, Class<T> entityClass, String collectionName);
  62.     <T> T findAndModify(Query query, Update update, FindAndModifyOptions options, Class<T> entityClass);
  63.     <T> T findAndModify(Query query, Update update, FindAndModifyOptions options, Class<T> entityClass,
  64.             String collectionName);
  66.     <T> T findAndRemove(Query query, Class<T> entityClass);
  67.     <T> T findAndRemove(Query query, Class<T> entityClass, String collectionName);
  69.     long count(Query query, Class<?> entityClass);
  70.     long count(Query query, String collectionName);
  71.     long count(Query query, Class<?> entityClass, String collectionName);
  73.     void insert(Object objectToSave);
  74.     void insert(Object objectToSave, String collectionName);
  75.     void insert(Collection<? extends Object> batchToSave, Class<?> entityClass);
  76.     void insert(Collection<? extends Object> batchToSave, String collectionName);
  77.     void insertAll(Collection<? extends Object> objectsToSave);
  79.     void save(Object objectToSave);
  80.     void save(Object objectToSave, String collectionName);
  82.     WriteResult upsert(Query query, Update update, Class<?> entityClass);
  83.     WriteResult upsert(Query query, Update update, String collectionName);
  84.     WriteResult upsert(Query query, Update update, Class<?> entityClass, String collectionName);
  86.     WriteResult updateFirst(Query query, Update update, Class<?> entityClass);
  87.     WriteResult updateFirst(Query query, Update update, String collectionName);
  88.     WriteResult updateFirst(Query query, Update update, Class<?> entityClass, String collectionName);
  89.     WriteResult updateMulti(Query query, Update update, Class<?> entityClass);
  90.     WriteResult updateMulti(Query query, Update update, String collectionName);
  91.     WriteResult updateMulti(final Query query, final Update update, Class<?> entityClass, String collectionName);
  93.     WriteResult remove(Object object);
  94.     WriteResult remove(Object object, String collection);
  95.     WriteResult remove(Query query, Class<?> entityClass);
  96.     WriteResult remove(Query query, Class<?> entityClass, String collectionName);
  97.     WriteResult remove(Query query, String collectionName);
  99.     <T> List<T> findAllAndRemove(Query query, String collectionName);
  101.     <T> List<T> findAllAndRemove(Query query, Class<T> entityClass);
  103.     <T> List<T> findAllAndRemove(Query query, Class<T> entityClass, String collectionName);
  105. }

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http://www.what21.com/database/mongodb/mongodb-basis/java-query.html

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